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[td]The circulatory system includes the [[heart]], [[blood vessel]]s, and [[blood]].<ref name="Saladin2"/> The '''cardiovascular system''' in all vertebrates, consists of the heart and blood vessels. The circulatory system is further divided into two major circuits β a [[pulmonary circulation]], and a [[systemic circulation]].<ref>{{MeshName|Cardiovascular+System}}</ref><ref name="Hall"/><ref name="Saladin3">{{cite book |last1=Saladin |first1=Kenneth S. |title=Human anatomy |date=2011 |publisher=McGraw-Hill |location=New York |isbn=9780071222075 |page=540 |edition=3rd}}</ref> The pulmonary circulation is a circuit loop from the [[right heart]] taking deoxygenated blood to the [[lung]]s where it is oxygenated and returned to the [[left heart]]. The systemic circulation is a circuit loop that delivers oxygenated blood from the left heart to the rest of the body, and returns deoxygenated blood back to the right heart via [[Great vessels|large veins]] known as the [[venae cavae]]. The systemic circulation can also be defined as two parts β a ''macrocirculation'' and a ''[[microcirculation]]''. An average adult contains five to six quarts (roughly 4.7 to 5.7 liters) of blood, accounting for approximately 7% of their total body weight.<ref>{{cite web|last=Pratt|first=Rebecca|title=Cardiovascular System: Blood|url=https://app.anatomyone.com/systemic...=2017-02-24|work=AnatomyOne|publisher=Amirsys, Inc.}}</ref> Blood consists of [[Blood plasma|plasma]], [[red blood cells]], [[white blood cells]], and [[platelets]]. The [[digestive system]] also works with the circulatory system to provide the nutrients the system needs to keep the [[heart]] pumping.<ref name="Guyton">{{cite book|title=Guyton Textbook of Medical Physiology|edition=10|author1=Guyton, Arthur |author2=Hall, John |year=2000|publisher=Saunders |isbn= 978-0-7216-8677-6}}</ref>[/td] [td][/td]
[td][/td] [td]Further circulatory routes are associated, such as the [[coronary circulation]] to the heart itself, the [[cerebral circulation]] to the [[brain]], [[renal circulation]] to the [[kidney]]s, and [[bronchial circulation]] to the [[bronchi]] in the lungs. The human circulatory system is [[closed circulatory system|closed]], meaning that the blood is contained within the [[blood vessels|vascular network]].<ref name="Lawton">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mj4mEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA6|title=The Human Circulatory System|publisher=Cavendish Square Publishing|author=Lawton, Cassie M.|year=2019|page=6|isbn=978-1-50-265720-6|access-date=2022-01-28|archive-date=2022-01-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2022012.../books?id=mj4mEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA6|url-status=live}}</ref> Nutrients travel through tiny blood vessels of the microcirculation to reach organs.<ref name="Lawton"/> The [[lymphatic system]] is an essential subsystem of the circulatory system consisting of a network of [[lymphatic vessel]]s, [[lymph nodes]], [[lymphatic organs|organs]], [[lymphatic tissues|tissues]] and circulating [[lymph]]. This subsystem is an [[open circulatory system|open system]].<ref name="Gartner">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pGTtd5i2fR8C&pg=PA166|title=Concise Histology E-Book|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|author1=Gartner, Leslie P.|author2=Hiatt, James L.|year=2010|page=166|isbn=978-1-43-773579-6|access-date=2022-01-28|archive-date=2022-01-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2022012...ooks?id=pGTtd5i2fR8C&pg=PA166|url-status=live}}</ref> A major function is to carry the lymph, draining and returning [[interstitial fluid]] into the [[lymphatic duct]]s back to the heart for return to the circulatory system. Another [[Lymphatic system#Function|major function]] is working together with the [[immune system]] to provide defense against [[pathogen]]s.<ref name=Alberts>{{cite book |last1=Alberts |first1=B. |last2=Johnson |first2=A. |last3=Lewis |first3=J. |last4=Raff |first4=M. |last5=Roberts |first5=K. |last6=Walters |first6=P. |title=Molecular Biology of the Cell |edition=4th |publisher=Garland Science |year=2002 |location=New York and London |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK21054/?depth=2 |isbn=978-0-8153-3218-3 |access-date=2017-08-30 |archive-date=2006-08-17 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5IDSbXu...m.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?call=bv.View..ShowTOC |url-status=live }}</ref>[/td] [td]Further circulatory routes are associated, such as the [[coronary circulation]] to the heart itself, the [[cerebral circulation]] to the [[brain]], [[renal circulation]] to the [[kidney]]s, and [[bronchial circulation]] to the [[bronchi]] in the lungs.[/td] [td]The human circulatory system is [[closed circulatory system|closed]], meaning that the blood is contained within the [[blood vessels|vascular network]].<ref name="Lawton">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mj4mEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA6|title=The Human Circulatory System|publisher=Cavendish Square Publishing|author=Lawton, Cassie M.|year=2019|page=6|isbn=978-1-50-265720-6|access-date=2022-01-28|archive-date=2022-01-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2022012.../books?id=mj4mEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA6|url-status=live}}</ref> Nutrients travel through tiny blood vessels of the microcirculation to reach organs.<ref name="Lawton"/> The [[lymphatic system]] is an essential subsystem of the circulatory system consisting of a network of [[lymphatic vessel]]s, [[lymph nodes]], [[lymphatic organs|organs]], [[lymphatic tissues|tissues]] and circulating [[lymph]]. This subsystem is an [[open circulatory system|open system]].<ref name="Gartner">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pGTtd5i2fR8C&pg=PA166|title=Concise Histology E-Book|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|author1=Gartner, Leslie P.|author2=Hiatt, James L.|year=2010|page=166|isbn=978-1-43-773579-6|access-date=2022-01-28|archive-date=2022-01-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2022012...ooks?id=pGTtd5i2fR8C&pg=PA166|url-status=live}}</ref> A major function is to carry the lymph, draining and returning [[interstitial fluid]] into the [[lymphatic duct]]s back to the heart for return to the circulatory system. Another [[Lymphatic system#Function|major function]] is working together with the [[immune system]] to provide defense against [[pathogen]]s.<ref name=Alberts>{{cite book |last1=Alberts |first1=B. |last2=Johnson |first2=A. |last3=Lewis |first3=J. |last4=Raff |first4=M. |last5=Roberts |first5=K. |last6=Walters |first6=P. |title=Molecular Biology of the Cell |edition=4th |publisher=Garland Science |year=2002 |location=New York and London |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK21054/?depth=2 |isbn=978-0-8153-3218-3 |access-date=2017-08-30 |archive-date=2006-08-17 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5IDSbXu...m.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?call=bv.View..ShowTOC |url-status=live }}</ref>[/td] [td][/td]
[td][/td] [td]===Heart===[/td]
[td]===Heart===[/td]
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[td]The circulatory system includes the [[heart]], [[blood vessel]]s, and [[blood]].<ref name="Saladin2"/> The '''cardiovascular system''' in all vertebrates, consists of the heart and blood vessels. The circulatory system is further divided into two major circuits β a [[pulmonary circulation]], and a [[systemic circulation]].<ref>{{MeshName|Cardiovascular+System}}</ref><ref name="Hall"/><ref name="Saladin3">{{cite book |last1=Saladin |first1=Kenneth S. |title=Human anatomy |date=2011 |publisher=McGraw-Hill |location=New York |isbn=9780071222075 |page=540 |edition=3rd}}</ref> The pulmonary circulation is a circuit loop from the [[right heart]] taking deoxygenated blood to the [[lung]]s where it is oxygenated and returned to the [[left heart]]. The systemic circulation is a circuit loop that delivers oxygenated blood from the left heart to the rest of the body, and returns deoxygenated blood back to the right heart via [[Great vessels|large veins]] known as the [[venae cavae]]. The systemic circulation can also be defined as two parts β a ''macrocirculation'' and a ''[[microcirculation]]''. An average adult contains five to six quarts (roughly 4.7 to 5.7 liters) of blood, accounting for approximately 7% of their total body weight.<ref>{{cite web|last=Pratt|first=Rebecca|title=Cardiovascular System: Blood|url=https://app.anatomyone.com/systemic...=2017-02-24|work=AnatomyOne|publisher=Amirsys, Inc.}}</ref> Blood consists of [[Blood plasma|plasma]], [[red blood cells]], [[white blood cells]], and [[platelets]]. The [[digestive system]] also works with the circulatory system to provide the nutrients the system needs to keep the [[heart]] pumping.<ref name="Guyton">{{cite book|title=Guyton Textbook of Medical Physiology|edition=10|author1=Guyton, Arthur |author2=Hall, John |year=2000|publisher=Saunders |isbn= 978-0-7216-8677-6}}</ref>[/td]Revision as of 16:40, 31 August 2025
[/td][td]The circulatory system includes the [[heart]], [[blood vessel]]s, and [[blood]].<ref name="Saladin2"/> The '''cardiovascular system''' in all vertebrates, consists of the heart and blood vessels. The circulatory system is further divided into two major circuits β a [[pulmonary circulation]], and a [[systemic circulation]].<ref>{{MeshName|Cardiovascular+System}}</ref><ref name="Hall"/><ref name="Saladin3">{{cite book |last1=Saladin |first1=Kenneth S. |title=Human anatomy |date=2011 |publisher=McGraw-Hill |location=New York |isbn=9780071222075 |page=540 |edition=3rd}}</ref> The pulmonary circulation is a circuit loop from the [[right heart]] taking deoxygenated blood to the [[lung]]s where it is oxygenated and returned to the [[left heart]]. The systemic circulation is a circuit loop that delivers oxygenated blood from the left heart to the rest of the body, and returns deoxygenated blood back to the right heart via [[Great vessels|large veins]] known as the [[venae cavae]]. The systemic circulation can also be defined as two parts β a ''macrocirculation'' and a ''[[microcirculation]]''. An average adult contains five to six quarts (roughly 4.7 to 5.7 liters) of blood, accounting for approximately 7% of their total body weight.<ref>{{cite web|last=Pratt|first=Rebecca|title=Cardiovascular System: Blood|url=https://app.anatomyone.com/systemic...=2017-02-24|work=AnatomyOne|publisher=Amirsys, Inc.}}</ref> Blood consists of [[Blood plasma|plasma]], [[red blood cells]], [[white blood cells]], and [[platelets]]. The [[digestive system]] also works with the circulatory system to provide the nutrients the system needs to keep the [[heart]] pumping.<ref name="Guyton">{{cite book|title=Guyton Textbook of Medical Physiology|edition=10|author1=Guyton, Arthur |author2=Hall, John |year=2000|publisher=Saunders |isbn= 978-0-7216-8677-6}}</ref>[/td] [td][/td]
[td][/td] [td]Further circulatory routes are associated, such as the [[coronary circulation]] to the heart itself, the [[cerebral circulation]] to the [[brain]], [[renal circulation]] to the [[kidney]]s, and [[bronchial circulation]] to the [[bronchi]] in the lungs. The human circulatory system is [[closed circulatory system|closed]], meaning that the blood is contained within the [[blood vessels|vascular network]].<ref name="Lawton">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mj4mEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA6|title=The Human Circulatory System|publisher=Cavendish Square Publishing|author=Lawton, Cassie M.|year=2019|page=6|isbn=978-1-50-265720-6|access-date=2022-01-28|archive-date=2022-01-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2022012.../books?id=mj4mEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA6|url-status=live}}</ref> Nutrients travel through tiny blood vessels of the microcirculation to reach organs.<ref name="Lawton"/> The [[lymphatic system]] is an essential subsystem of the circulatory system consisting of a network of [[lymphatic vessel]]s, [[lymph nodes]], [[lymphatic organs|organs]], [[lymphatic tissues|tissues]] and circulating [[lymph]]. This subsystem is an [[open circulatory system|open system]].<ref name="Gartner">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pGTtd5i2fR8C&pg=PA166|title=Concise Histology E-Book|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|author1=Gartner, Leslie P.|author2=Hiatt, James L.|year=2010|page=166|isbn=978-1-43-773579-6|access-date=2022-01-28|archive-date=2022-01-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2022012...ooks?id=pGTtd5i2fR8C&pg=PA166|url-status=live}}</ref> A major function is to carry the lymph, draining and returning [[interstitial fluid]] into the [[lymphatic duct]]s back to the heart for return to the circulatory system. Another [[Lymphatic system#Function|major function]] is working together with the [[immune system]] to provide defense against [[pathogen]]s.<ref name=Alberts>{{cite book |last1=Alberts |first1=B. |last2=Johnson |first2=A. |last3=Lewis |first3=J. |last4=Raff |first4=M. |last5=Roberts |first5=K. |last6=Walters |first6=P. |title=Molecular Biology of the Cell |edition=4th |publisher=Garland Science |year=2002 |location=New York and London |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK21054/?depth=2 |isbn=978-0-8153-3218-3 |access-date=2017-08-30 |archive-date=2006-08-17 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5IDSbXu...m.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?call=bv.View..ShowTOC |url-status=live }}</ref>[/td] [td]Further circulatory routes are associated, such as the [[coronary circulation]] to the heart itself, the [[cerebral circulation]] to the [[brain]], [[renal circulation]] to the [[kidney]]s, and [[bronchial circulation]] to the [[bronchi]] in the lungs.[/td] [td]The human circulatory system is [[closed circulatory system|closed]], meaning that the blood is contained within the [[blood vessels|vascular network]].<ref name="Lawton">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mj4mEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA6|title=The Human Circulatory System|publisher=Cavendish Square Publishing|author=Lawton, Cassie M.|year=2019|page=6|isbn=978-1-50-265720-6|access-date=2022-01-28|archive-date=2022-01-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2022012.../books?id=mj4mEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA6|url-status=live}}</ref> Nutrients travel through tiny blood vessels of the microcirculation to reach organs.<ref name="Lawton"/> The [[lymphatic system]] is an essential subsystem of the circulatory system consisting of a network of [[lymphatic vessel]]s, [[lymph nodes]], [[lymphatic organs|organs]], [[lymphatic tissues|tissues]] and circulating [[lymph]]. This subsystem is an [[open circulatory system|open system]].<ref name="Gartner">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pGTtd5i2fR8C&pg=PA166|title=Concise Histology E-Book|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|author1=Gartner, Leslie P.|author2=Hiatt, James L.|year=2010|page=166|isbn=978-1-43-773579-6|access-date=2022-01-28|archive-date=2022-01-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2022012...ooks?id=pGTtd5i2fR8C&pg=PA166|url-status=live}}</ref> A major function is to carry the lymph, draining and returning [[interstitial fluid]] into the [[lymphatic duct]]s back to the heart for return to the circulatory system. Another [[Lymphatic system#Function|major function]] is working together with the [[immune system]] to provide defense against [[pathogen]]s.<ref name=Alberts>{{cite book |last1=Alberts |first1=B. |last2=Johnson |first2=A. |last3=Lewis |first3=J. |last4=Raff |first4=M. |last5=Roberts |first5=K. |last6=Walters |first6=P. |title=Molecular Biology of the Cell |edition=4th |publisher=Garland Science |year=2002 |location=New York and London |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK21054/?depth=2 |isbn=978-0-8153-3218-3 |access-date=2017-08-30 |archive-date=2006-08-17 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5IDSbXu...m.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?call=bv.View..ShowTOC |url-status=live }}</ref>[/td] [td][/td]
[td][/td] [td]===Heart===[/td]
[td]===Heart===[/td]
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