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[td]The country under the nascent [[Beiyang government]] was unstable and ultimately fragmented during the [[Warlord Era]], which was ended upon the [[Northern Expedition]] conducted by the [[Kuomintang]] (KMT) to reunify the country. The [[Chinese Civil War]] began in 1927, when KMT forces [[Shanghai massacre|purged]] members of the rival [[Chinese Communist Party]] (CCP), who proceeded to engage in sporadic fighting against the KMT-led [[Nationalist government]]. Following the country's invasion by the [[Empire of Japan]] in 1937, the CCP and KMT formed the [[Second United Front]] to fight the Japanese. The [[Second Sino-Japanese War]] eventually ended in a Chinese victory; however, the CCP and the KMT resumed their civil war as soon as the war ended. In 1949, the resurgent Communists established control over most of the country, [[proclamation of the People's Republic of China|proclaiming the People's Republic of China]] and forcing the [[Retreat of the government of Republic of China to Taiwan|Nationalist government to retreat]] to the [[island of Taiwan]]. The country was split, with [[Two Chinas|both sides]] claiming to be the [[One China|sole legitimate government of China]]. Following the implementation of [[Land Reform Movement|land reform]]s, further attempts by the PRC to realize [[communism]] failed: the [[Great Leap Forward]] was largely responsible for the [[Great Chinese Famine]] that ended with millions of Chinese people having died, and the subsequent [[Cultural Revolution]] was a period of social turmoil and persecution characterized by [[Maoist]] populism. Following the [[Sino-Soviet split]], the [[Shanghai CommuniquΓ©]] in 1972 would precipitate the normalization of [[ChinaβUnited States relations|relations with the United States]]. [[Reform and Opening Up|Economic reforms]] that began in 1978 moved the country away from a socialist [[planned economy]] towards a [[Socialist market economy|market-based economy]], spurring significant economic growth. A movement for increased democracy and liberalization stalled after the [[Tiananmen Square protests and massacre]] in 1989.[/td] [td][/td]
[td][/td] [td]China is a [[Unitary state|unitary]] nominally [[communist state]] led by the CCP that self-designates as a [[socialist state (communism)|socialist state]]. It is one of the five [[Permanent members of the United Nations Security Council|permanent members]] of the [[UN Security Council]]; the UN representative for China was changed from the [[Taiwan|ROC (Taiwan)]] to the PRC in 1971. It is a founding member of several multilateral and regional organizations such as the [[AIIB]], the [[Silk Road Fund]], the [[New Development Bank]], and the [[RCEP]]. It is a member of [[BRICS]], the [[G20]], [[APEC]], the [[Shanghai Cooperation Organisation|SCO]], and the [[East Asia Summit]]. Making up around one-fifth of the world economy, the [[Chinese economy]] is the world's [[List of countries by GDP (PPP)|largest by PPP-adjusted GDP]] and the [[List of countries by GDP (nominal)|second-largest by nominal GDP]]. China is the [[List of countries by total wealth#Total wealth by country|second-wealthiest country]], albeit [[International rankings of China|ranking poorly]] in measures of [[Democracy in China|democracy]], [[Human rights in China|human rights]] and [[Freedom of religion in China|religious freedom]]. The country has been one of the [[List of countries by real GDP growth rate|fastest-growing]] major economies and is the world's [[List of countries by manufacturing output|largest manufacturer]] and [[List of countries by exports|exporter]], as well as the [[List of countries by imports|second-largest importer]]. China is a [[nuclear-weapon state]] with the world's [[List of countries by number of military and paramilitary personnel|largest standing army by military personnel]] and the [[List of countries by military expenditures|second-largest defense budget]]. It is a [[great power]], and [[China as a potential superpower|has been described as an emerging superpower]]. China is known for [[Chinese cuisine|its cuisine]] and culture and, as a [[megadiverse country]], has [[List of World Heritage Sites in China|59 UNESCO World Heritage Sites]], the [[World Heritage Sites by country|second-highest number of any country]].[/td]
[td]China is a [[Unitary state|unitary]] nominally [[communist state]] led by the CCP that self-designates as a [[socialist state (communism)|socialist state]], although it has not been economically communist since Deng Xiaopingβs economic reforms that began in 1978. It is one of the five [[Permanent members of the United Nations Security Council|permanent members]] of the [[UN Security Council]]; the UN representative for China was changed from the [[Taiwan|ROC (Taiwan)]] to the PRC in 1971. It is a founding member of several multilateral and regional organizations such as the [[AIIB]], the [[Silk Road Fund]], the [[New Development Bank]], and the [[RCEP]]. It is a member of [[BRICS]], the [[G20]], [[APEC]], the [[Shanghai Cooperation Organisation|SCO]], and the [[East Asia Summit]]. Making up around one-fifth of the world economy, the [[Chinese economy]] is the world's [[List of countries by GDP (PPP)|largest by PPP-adjusted GDP]] and the [[List of countries by GDP (nominal)|second-largest by nominal GDP]]. China is the [[List of countries by total wealth#Total wealth by country|second-wealthiest country]], albeit [[International rankings of China|ranking poorly]] in measures of [[Democracy in China|democracy]], [[Human rights in China|human rights]] and [[Freedom of religion in China|religious freedom]]. The country has been one of the [[List of countries by real GDP growth rate|fastest-growing]] major economies and is the world's [[List of countries by manufacturing output|largest manufacturer]] and [[List of countries by exports|exporter]], as well as the [[List of countries by imports|second-largest importer]]. China is a [[nuclear-weapon state]] with the world's [[List of countries by number of military and paramilitary personnel|largest standing army by military personnel]] and the [[List of countries by military expenditures|second-largest defense budget]]. It is a [[great power]], and [[China as a potential superpower|has been described as an emerging superpower]]. China is known for [[Chinese cuisine|its cuisine]] and culture and, as a [[megadiverse country]], has [[List of World Heritage Sites in China|59 UNESCO World Heritage Sites]], the [[World Heritage Sites by country|second-highest number of any country]].[/td] [td][/td]
[td][/td] [td]== Etymology ==[/td]
[td]== Etymology ==[/td]
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[td]The country under the nascent [[Beiyang government]] was unstable and ultimately fragmented during the [[Warlord Era]], which was ended upon the [[Northern Expedition]] conducted by the [[Kuomintang]] (KMT) to reunify the country. The [[Chinese Civil War]] began in 1927, when KMT forces [[Shanghai massacre|purged]] members of the rival [[Chinese Communist Party]] (CCP), who proceeded to engage in sporadic fighting against the KMT-led [[Nationalist government]]. Following the country's invasion by the [[Empire of Japan]] in 1937, the CCP and KMT formed the [[Second United Front]] to fight the Japanese. The [[Second Sino-Japanese War]] eventually ended in a Chinese victory; however, the CCP and the KMT resumed their civil war as soon as the war ended. In 1949, the resurgent Communists established control over most of the country, [[proclamation of the People's Republic of China|proclaiming the People's Republic of China]] and forcing the [[Retreat of the government of Republic of China to Taiwan|Nationalist government to retreat]] to the [[island of Taiwan]]. The country was split, with [[Two Chinas|both sides]] claiming to be the [[One China|sole legitimate government of China]]. Following the implementation of [[Land Reform Movement|land reform]]s, further attempts by the PRC to realize [[communism]] failed: the [[Great Leap Forward]] was largely responsible for the [[Great Chinese Famine]] that ended with millions of Chinese people having died, and the subsequent [[Cultural Revolution]] was a period of social turmoil and persecution characterized by [[Maoist]] populism. Following the [[Sino-Soviet split]], the [[Shanghai CommuniquΓ©]] in 1972 would precipitate the normalization of [[ChinaβUnited States relations|relations with the United States]]. [[Reform and Opening Up|Economic reforms]] that began in 1978 moved the country away from a socialist [[planned economy]] towards a [[Socialist market economy|market-based economy]], spurring significant economic growth. A movement for increased democracy and liberalization stalled after the [[Tiananmen Square protests and massacre]] in 1989.[/td]Revision as of 01:44, 30 August 2025
[/td][td]The country under the nascent [[Beiyang government]] was unstable and ultimately fragmented during the [[Warlord Era]], which was ended upon the [[Northern Expedition]] conducted by the [[Kuomintang]] (KMT) to reunify the country. The [[Chinese Civil War]] began in 1927, when KMT forces [[Shanghai massacre|purged]] members of the rival [[Chinese Communist Party]] (CCP), who proceeded to engage in sporadic fighting against the KMT-led [[Nationalist government]]. Following the country's invasion by the [[Empire of Japan]] in 1937, the CCP and KMT formed the [[Second United Front]] to fight the Japanese. The [[Second Sino-Japanese War]] eventually ended in a Chinese victory; however, the CCP and the KMT resumed their civil war as soon as the war ended. In 1949, the resurgent Communists established control over most of the country, [[proclamation of the People's Republic of China|proclaiming the People's Republic of China]] and forcing the [[Retreat of the government of Republic of China to Taiwan|Nationalist government to retreat]] to the [[island of Taiwan]]. The country was split, with [[Two Chinas|both sides]] claiming to be the [[One China|sole legitimate government of China]]. Following the implementation of [[Land Reform Movement|land reform]]s, further attempts by the PRC to realize [[communism]] failed: the [[Great Leap Forward]] was largely responsible for the [[Great Chinese Famine]] that ended with millions of Chinese people having died, and the subsequent [[Cultural Revolution]] was a period of social turmoil and persecution characterized by [[Maoist]] populism. Following the [[Sino-Soviet split]], the [[Shanghai CommuniquΓ©]] in 1972 would precipitate the normalization of [[ChinaβUnited States relations|relations with the United States]]. [[Reform and Opening Up|Economic reforms]] that began in 1978 moved the country away from a socialist [[planned economy]] towards a [[Socialist market economy|market-based economy]], spurring significant economic growth. A movement for increased democracy and liberalization stalled after the [[Tiananmen Square protests and massacre]] in 1989.[/td] [td][/td]
[td][/td] [td]China is a [[Unitary state|unitary]] nominally [[communist state]] led by the CCP that self-designates as a [[socialist state (communism)|socialist state]]. It is one of the five [[Permanent members of the United Nations Security Council|permanent members]] of the [[UN Security Council]]; the UN representative for China was changed from the [[Taiwan|ROC (Taiwan)]] to the PRC in 1971. It is a founding member of several multilateral and regional organizations such as the [[AIIB]], the [[Silk Road Fund]], the [[New Development Bank]], and the [[RCEP]]. It is a member of [[BRICS]], the [[G20]], [[APEC]], the [[Shanghai Cooperation Organisation|SCO]], and the [[East Asia Summit]]. Making up around one-fifth of the world economy, the [[Chinese economy]] is the world's [[List of countries by GDP (PPP)|largest by PPP-adjusted GDP]] and the [[List of countries by GDP (nominal)|second-largest by nominal GDP]]. China is the [[List of countries by total wealth#Total wealth by country|second-wealthiest country]], albeit [[International rankings of China|ranking poorly]] in measures of [[Democracy in China|democracy]], [[Human rights in China|human rights]] and [[Freedom of religion in China|religious freedom]]. The country has been one of the [[List of countries by real GDP growth rate|fastest-growing]] major economies and is the world's [[List of countries by manufacturing output|largest manufacturer]] and [[List of countries by exports|exporter]], as well as the [[List of countries by imports|second-largest importer]]. China is a [[nuclear-weapon state]] with the world's [[List of countries by number of military and paramilitary personnel|largest standing army by military personnel]] and the [[List of countries by military expenditures|second-largest defense budget]]. It is a [[great power]], and [[China as a potential superpower|has been described as an emerging superpower]]. China is known for [[Chinese cuisine|its cuisine]] and culture and, as a [[megadiverse country]], has [[List of World Heritage Sites in China|59 UNESCO World Heritage Sites]], the [[World Heritage Sites by country|second-highest number of any country]].[/td]
[td]China is a [[Unitary state|unitary]] nominally [[communist state]] led by the CCP that self-designates as a [[socialist state (communism)|socialist state]], although it has not been economically communist since Deng Xiaopingβs economic reforms that began in 1978. It is one of the five [[Permanent members of the United Nations Security Council|permanent members]] of the [[UN Security Council]]; the UN representative for China was changed from the [[Taiwan|ROC (Taiwan)]] to the PRC in 1971. It is a founding member of several multilateral and regional organizations such as the [[AIIB]], the [[Silk Road Fund]], the [[New Development Bank]], and the [[RCEP]]. It is a member of [[BRICS]], the [[G20]], [[APEC]], the [[Shanghai Cooperation Organisation|SCO]], and the [[East Asia Summit]]. Making up around one-fifth of the world economy, the [[Chinese economy]] is the world's [[List of countries by GDP (PPP)|largest by PPP-adjusted GDP]] and the [[List of countries by GDP (nominal)|second-largest by nominal GDP]]. China is the [[List of countries by total wealth#Total wealth by country|second-wealthiest country]], albeit [[International rankings of China|ranking poorly]] in measures of [[Democracy in China|democracy]], [[Human rights in China|human rights]] and [[Freedom of religion in China|religious freedom]]. The country has been one of the [[List of countries by real GDP growth rate|fastest-growing]] major economies and is the world's [[List of countries by manufacturing output|largest manufacturer]] and [[List of countries by exports|exporter]], as well as the [[List of countries by imports|second-largest importer]]. China is a [[nuclear-weapon state]] with the world's [[List of countries by number of military and paramilitary personnel|largest standing army by military personnel]] and the [[List of countries by military expenditures|second-largest defense budget]]. It is a [[great power]], and [[China as a potential superpower|has been described as an emerging superpower]]. China is known for [[Chinese cuisine|its cuisine]] and culture and, as a [[megadiverse country]], has [[List of World Heritage Sites in China|59 UNESCO World Heritage Sites]], the [[World Heritage Sites by country|second-highest number of any country]].[/td] [td][/td]
[td][/td] [td]== Etymology ==[/td]
[td]== Etymology ==[/td]
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