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[td]| founder = [[Ali Sistani]]<ref name="Carnegie28Apr17" /><ref name=Al-Monitor/>[/td] [td]| leader_title = [[Supreme Leader of Iran|Supreme Leader]][/td]
[td]| leader_title = [[Supreme Leader of Iran|Supreme Leader]][/td] [td]| leader = [[Ali Khamenei]]{{efn|De facto authority; almost all PMF factions take orders from and pledge allegiance to Supreme Leader of Iran, Ali Khamenei<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Future of Iraq's Popular Mobilization Forces |url=https://carnegieendowment.org/sada/2017/09/the-future-of-iraqs-popular-mobilization-forces?lang=en |access-date=2025-01-01 |publisher=Carnegie Endowment for International Peace |language=en}}</ref>}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iraqi PMF Chief of Staff Commits to Fulfill Iranian Supreme Leader's Plans |publisher=The Washington Institute |url=https://www.washingtoninstitute.org...commits-fulfill-iranian-supreme-leaders-plans |access-date=2025-01-01 |language=en}}</ref>[/td]
[td]| leader = [[Ali Khamenei]]{{efn|''De facto'' authority; almost all PMF factions take orders from and pledge allegiance to Ali Khamenei, the Supreme Leader of Iran.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Future of Iraq's Popular Mobilization Forces |url=https://carnegieendowment.org/sada/2017/09/the-future-of-iraqs-popular-mobilization-forces?lang=en |access-date=2025-01-01 |publisher=Carnegie Endowment for International Peace |language=en}}</ref>}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iraqi PMF Chief of Staff Commits to Fulfill Iranian Supreme Leader's Plans |publisher=The Washington Institute |url=https://www.washingtoninstitute.org...commits-fulfill-iranian-supreme-leaders-plans |access-date=2025-01-01 |language=en}}</ref>[/td] [td]| leader1_title = PMC Chairman[/td]
[td]| leader1_title = PMC Chairman[/td] [td]| leader1_name = [[Falih Al-Fayyadh]][/td]
[td]| leader1_name = [[Falih Al-Fayyadh]][/td] [td]Many of its main factions that belong to the Shia faction trace their origins to the "[[Special Groups (Iraq)|Special Groups]]", Iranian-sponsored Shia groups that previously fought in the [[Iraqi insurgency (2003β2011)|Iraqi insurgency]] against the [[United States]] and the [[Multi-National Force β Iraq|Coalition forces]], as well as a sectarian conflict against [[Sunni Islam in Iraq|Sunni]] [[Jihadism|Jihadist]] and [[Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party β Iraq Region|Ba'athist]] insurgents.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> Pro-Iran organizations in the PMF include the [[Badr Organization]], [[Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq]], [[Kata'ib Hezbollah]], [[Kata'ib al-Imam Ali|Kataβib al-Imam Ali]], [[Saraya al-Khorasani|Saraya Khorasani]], etc.<ref name="Derszi-Horvath, Gaston, Saleh">{{Cite web |last1=Derszi-Horvath |first1=Andras |last2=Gaston |first2=Erica |last3=Saleh |first3=Bahra |date=16 August 2017 |title=Who's Who: Quick Facts About Local and Sub-State Forces |url=https://www.gppi.net/2017/08/16/quick-facts-about-local-and-sub-state-forces |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2023011.../quick-facts-about-local-and-sub-state-forces |archive-date=15 January 2023 |publisher=Global Public Policy Institute}}</ref> Several militant groups received training and strategic aid from [[Hezbollah]]'s [[Unit 3800]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hezbollahβs Regional Activities in Support of Iranβs Proxy Networks |url=https://www.mei.edu/publications/hezbollahs-regional-activities-support-irans-proxy-networks?utm_ |access-date=2025-05-20 |publisher=Middle East Institute |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Shapira |first=Boaz |date=2025-01-05 |title=The Quds Force and Hezbollah Involvement Alongside the Houthis in Yemen |url=https://israel-alma.org/the-quds-force-and-hezbollah-involvement-alongside-the-houthis-in-yemen/ |access-date=2025-05-20 |publisher=Alma Research and Education Center |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Hezbollah in Iraq: A Little Help Can Go a Long Way |publisher=The Washington Institute |url=https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/hezbollah-iraq-little-help-can-go-long-way |access-date=2025-05-20 |language=en}}</ref> It has been labeled the new [[Republican Guard (Iraq)|Iraqi Republican Guard]] after it was fully reorganized in early 2018 by its then commander-in-chief [[Haider al-Abadi]], previous prime minister of Iraq, who issued "regulations to adapt the situation of the Popular Mobilization fighters".<ref name="newsweek.com">{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.newsweek.com/us-soldier...y-kick-americans-out-839255|title=Iran-backed militias officially join Iraqi military and threaten U.S. troops|first=Tom|last=O'Connor|date=March 9, 2018|magazine=[[Newsweek]]|access-date=January 2, 2020|archive-date=January 2, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2020010...ary-kick-americans-out-839255|url-status=live}}</ref>[/td]
[td]Many of its main factions that belong to the Shia faction trace their origins to the "[[Special Groups (Iraq)|Special Groups]]", Iranian-sponsored Shia groups that previously fought in the [[Iraqi insurgency (2003β2011)|Iraqi insurgency]] against the [[United States]] and the [[Multi-National Force β Iraq|Coalition forces]], as well as a sectarian conflict against [[Sunni Islam in Iraq|Sunni]] [[Jihadism|Jihadist]] and [[Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party β Iraq Region|Ba'athist]] insurgents.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> Pro-Iran organizations in the PMF include the [[Badr Organization]], [[Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq]], [[Kata'ib Hezbollah]], [[Kata'ib al-Imam Ali|Kataβib al-Imam Ali]], [[Saraya al-Khorasani|Saraya Khorasani]], etc.<ref name="Derszi-Horvath, Gaston, Saleh">{{Cite web |last1=Derszi-Horvath |first1=Andras |last2=Gaston |first2=Erica |last3=Saleh |first3=Bahra |date=16 August 2017 |title=Who's Who: Quick Facts About Local and Sub-State Forces |url=https://www.gppi.net/2017/08/16/quick-facts-about-local-and-sub-state-forces |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2023011.../quick-facts-about-local-and-sub-state-forces |archive-date=15 January 2023 |publisher=Global Public Policy Institute}}</ref> Several militant groups received training and strategic aid from [[Hezbollah]]'s [[Unit 3800]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hezbollahβs Regional Activities in Support of Iranβs Proxy Networks |url=https://www.mei.edu/publications/hezbollahs-regional-activities-support-irans-proxy-networks?utm_ |access-date=2025-05-20 |publisher=Middle East Institute |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Shapira |first=Boaz |date=2025-01-05 |title=The Quds Force and Hezbollah Involvement Alongside the Houthis in Yemen |url=https://israel-alma.org/the-quds-force-and-hezbollah-involvement-alongside-the-houthis-in-yemen/ |access-date=2025-05-20 |publisher=Alma Research and Education Center |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Hezbollah in Iraq: A Little Help Can Go a Long Way |publisher=The Washington Institute |url=https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/hezbollah-iraq-little-help-can-go-long-way |access-date=2025-05-20 |language=en}}</ref> It has been labeled the new [[Republican Guard (Iraq)|Iraqi Republican Guard]] after it was fully reorganized in early 2018 by its then commander-in-chief [[Haider al-Abadi]], previous prime minister of Iraq, who issued "regulations to adapt the situation of the Popular Mobilization fighters".<ref name="newsweek.com">{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.newsweek.com/us-soldier...y-kick-americans-out-839255|title=Iran-backed militias officially join Iraqi military and threaten U.S. troops|first=Tom|last=O'Connor|date=March 9, 2018|magazine=[[Newsweek]]|access-date=January 2, 2020|archive-date=January 2, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2020010...ary-kick-americans-out-839255|url-status=live}}</ref>[/td] [td][/td]
[td][/td] [td]Factions within the PMF are designated as terrorist groups by some states, including the [[United States]], the [[United Arab Emirates]], and [[Japan]], and have been widely accused of promoting [[Sectarian violence in Iraq|sectarian violence]],<ref name="Parker Landay 2016" /><ref name="al-Khadhimi">{{cite web |last=al-Khadhimi |first=Mustafa |date=22 December 2014 |title=Iraqi volunteers' victories don't justify atrocities |url=https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/or...ilization-shiite-achievements-violations.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2021011...ilization-shiite-achievements-violations.html |archive-date=2021-01-11 |access-date=2020-09-28 |website=Al-Monitor}}</ref><ref name="JP 2018">{{cite web |date=2018-01-04 |title=Iraq's Abadi in high-stakes plan to rein in Iranian-backed militias |url=https://www.jpost.com/middle-east/i...lan-to-rein-in-iranian-backed-militias-532873 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2020110...lan-to-rein-in-Iranian-backed-militias-532873 |archive-date=2020-11-09 |access-date=2020-09-28 |website=The Jerusalem Post}}</ref> perpetrating [[ethnic cleansing]] and [[Forced displacement|displacement]] of [[Sunni Islam in Iraq|Iraqi Sunnis]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=1.2. Popular Mobilisation Forces and Tribal Mobilisation Militias |publisher=European Union Agency for Asylum |url=https://euaa.europa.eu/country-guid...ation-forces-and-tribal-mobilisation-militias |access-date=2025-03-27 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last1=Pregent |first1=Michael |last2=Weiss |first2=Michael |date=2025-04-23 |title=The U.S. Is Providing Air Cover for Ethnic Cleansing in Iraq |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2015/03/2...thnic-cleansing-in-iraq-shiite-militias-isis/ |access-date=2025-03-27 |website=Foreign Policy |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Hassan |first=Hassan |date=2015-03-08 |title=Win or lose Tikrit, Isis can only be defeated in Iraq by the Sunni |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/mar/08/tikrit-isis-can-only-defeated-in-iraq-by-the-sunni |access-date=2025-03-27 |work=The Observer |language=en-GB |issn=0029-7712}}</ref> and carrying out [[war crime]]s, including abductions, forced disappearances, [massacre]]s, [[extrajudicial killing]]s, and the destructions of villages in [[Al Anbar Governorate|Anbar]], [[Saladin Governorate|Saladin]], and [[Diyala Governorate|Diyala]],<ref name=":5" /> as well as conducting [[Anti-Sunnism|anti-Sunni]] campaigns [[Sunni Arab genocide in Iraq|described as inherently genocidal]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Abdulrazaq |first=Tallha |title=The Iraq Report: Missing Sunnis an admission of 'war crimes' |url=https://www.newarab.com/analysis/iraq-report-missing-sunnis-admission-war-crimes |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20241226...aq-report-missing-sunnis-admission-war-crimes |archive-date=2024-12-26 |access-date=2025-03-27 |work=The New Arab |language=en-EN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-02-19 |title=GICJ Report - Fallujah: Inside the Genocide |url=https://www.gicj.org/topics/thematic-issues/genocide/1751-gicj-report-fallujah-inside-the-genocide |access-date=2025-03-27 |publisher=GICJ |language=en-gb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sectarian cleansing rears its ugly face again in Iraq |url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/1036251/amp |access-date=2025-03-27 |website=Arab News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-12-09 |title=Iran's attempted genocide of the Sunni Arabs |url=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20161209-irans-attempted-genocide-of-the-sunni-arabs/ |access-date=2025-03-27 |website=Middle East Monitor}}</ref> During the [[2019β2021 Iraqi protests]], the pro-Iran groups were accused of being responsible for killing and wounding large numbers of protesters and activists.<ref>Multiple sources:[/td]
[td]Factions within the PMF are designated as terrorist groups by some states, including the [[United States]], the [[United Arab Emirates]], and [[Japan]], and have been widely accused of promoting [[Sectarian violence in Iraq|sectarian violence]],<ref name="Parker Landay 2016" /><ref name="al-Khadhimi">{{cite web |last=al-Khadhimi |first=Mustafa |date=22 December 2014 |title=Iraqi volunteers' victories don't justify atrocities |url=https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/or...ilization-shiite-achievements-violations.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2021011...ilization-shiite-achievements-violations.html |archive-date=2021-01-11 |access-date=2020-09-28 |website=Al-Monitor}}</ref><ref name="JP 2018">{{cite web |date=2018-01-04 |title=Iraq's Abadi in high-stakes plan to rein in Iranian-backed militias |url=https://www.jpost.com/middle-east/i...lan-to-rein-in-iranian-backed-militias-532873 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2020110...lan-to-rein-in-Iranian-backed-militias-532873 |archive-date=2020-11-09 |access-date=2020-09-28 |website=The Jerusalem Post}}</ref> perpetrating [[ethnic cleansing]] and [[Forced displacement|displacement]] of [[Sunni Islam in Iraq|Iraqi Sunnis]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=1.2. Popular Mobilisation Forces and Tribal Mobilisation Militias |publisher=European Union Agency for Asylum |url=https://euaa.europa.eu/country-guid...ation-forces-and-tribal-mobilisation-militias |access-date=2025-03-27 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last1=Pregent |first1=Michael |last2=Weiss |first2=Michael |date=2025-04-23 |title=The U.S. Is Providing Air Cover for Ethnic Cleansing in Iraq |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2015/03/2...thnic-cleansing-in-iraq-shiite-militias-isis/ |access-date=2025-03-27 |website=Foreign Policy |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Hassan |first=Hassan |date=2015-03-08 |title=Win or lose Tikrit, Isis can only be defeated in Iraq by the Sunni |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/mar/08/tikrit-isis-can-only-defeated-in-iraq-by-the-sunni |access-date=2025-03-27 |work=The Observer |language=en-GB |issn=0029-7712}}</ref> and carrying out [[war crime]]s, including abductions, forced disappearances, [[massacre]]s, [[extrajudicial killing]]s, and the destructions of villages in [[Al Anbar Governorate|Anbar]], [[Saladin Governorate|Saladin]], and [[Diyala Governorate|Diyala]],<ref name=":5" /> as well as conducting [[Anti-Sunnism|anti-Sunni]] campaigns [[Sunni Arab genocide in Iraq|described as inherently genocidal]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Abdulrazaq |first=Tallha |title=The Iraq Report: Missing Sunnis an admission of 'war crimes' |url=https://www.newarab.com/analysis/iraq-report-missing-sunnis-admission-war-crimes |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20241226...aq-report-missing-sunnis-admission-war-crimes |archive-date=2024-12-26 |access-date=2025-03-27 |work=The New Arab |language=en-EN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-02-19 |title=GICJ Report - Fallujah: Inside the Genocide |url=https://www.gicj.org/topics/thematic-issues/genocide/1751-gicj-report-fallujah-inside-the-genocide |access-date=2025-03-27 |publisher=GICJ |language=en-gb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sectarian cleansing rears its ugly face again in Iraq |url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/1036251/amp |access-date=2025-03-27 |website=Arab News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-12-09 |title=Iran's attempted genocide of the Sunni Arabs |url=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20161209-irans-attempted-genocide-of-the-sunni-arabs/ |access-date=2025-03-27 |website=Middle East Monitor}}</ref> During the [[2019β2021 Iraqi protests]], the pro-Iran groups were accused of being responsible for killing and wounding large numbers of protesters and activists.<ref>Multiple sources:[/td] [td]*{{Cite news|last=Arraf|first=Jane|date=2021-09-18|title='There Is Chaos': Iran-Backed Militias Battle Activists in a Holy Iraqi City|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/18/...aq-karbala-iran-militias.html|url-status=live}}[/td]
[td]*{{Cite news|last=Arraf|first=Jane|date=2021-09-18|title='There Is Chaos': Iran-Backed Militias Battle Activists in a Holy Iraqi City|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/18/...aq-karbala-iran-militias.html|url-status=live}}[/td] [td]*{{cite news|title=Iraq: HRW denounces lethal force against protesters, urges probe|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019...ges-probe|access-date=2021-10-31|publisher=Al Jazeera English|language=en|archive-date=2021-10-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2021103...gainst-protesters-urges-probe|url-status=live}}[/td]
[td]*{{cite news|title=Iraq: HRW denounces lethal force against protesters, urges probe|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019...ges-probe|access-date=2021-10-31|publisher=Al Jazeera English|language=en|archive-date=2021-10-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2021103...gainst-protesters-urges-probe|url-status=live}}[/td]
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[td]| founder = [[Ali Sistani]]<ref name="Carnegie28Apr17" /><ref name=Al-Monitor/>[/td]Revision as of 11:24, 30 August 2025
[/td][td]| founder = [[Ali Sistani]]<ref name="Carnegie28Apr17" /><ref name=Al-Monitor/>[/td] [td]| leader_title = [[Supreme Leader of Iran|Supreme Leader]][/td]
[td]| leader_title = [[Supreme Leader of Iran|Supreme Leader]][/td] [td]| leader = [[Ali Khamenei]]{{efn|De facto authority; almost all PMF factions take orders from and pledge allegiance to Supreme Leader of Iran, Ali Khamenei<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Future of Iraq's Popular Mobilization Forces |url=https://carnegieendowment.org/sada/2017/09/the-future-of-iraqs-popular-mobilization-forces?lang=en |access-date=2025-01-01 |publisher=Carnegie Endowment for International Peace |language=en}}</ref>}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iraqi PMF Chief of Staff Commits to Fulfill Iranian Supreme Leader's Plans |publisher=The Washington Institute |url=https://www.washingtoninstitute.org...commits-fulfill-iranian-supreme-leaders-plans |access-date=2025-01-01 |language=en}}</ref>[/td]
[td]| leader = [[Ali Khamenei]]{{efn|''De facto'' authority; almost all PMF factions take orders from and pledge allegiance to Ali Khamenei, the Supreme Leader of Iran.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Future of Iraq's Popular Mobilization Forces |url=https://carnegieendowment.org/sada/2017/09/the-future-of-iraqs-popular-mobilization-forces?lang=en |access-date=2025-01-01 |publisher=Carnegie Endowment for International Peace |language=en}}</ref>}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iraqi PMF Chief of Staff Commits to Fulfill Iranian Supreme Leader's Plans |publisher=The Washington Institute |url=https://www.washingtoninstitute.org...commits-fulfill-iranian-supreme-leaders-plans |access-date=2025-01-01 |language=en}}</ref>[/td] [td]| leader1_title = PMC Chairman[/td]
[td]| leader1_title = PMC Chairman[/td] [td]| leader1_name = [[Falih Al-Fayyadh]][/td]
[td]| leader1_name = [[Falih Al-Fayyadh]][/td] [td]Many of its main factions that belong to the Shia faction trace their origins to the "[[Special Groups (Iraq)|Special Groups]]", Iranian-sponsored Shia groups that previously fought in the [[Iraqi insurgency (2003β2011)|Iraqi insurgency]] against the [[United States]] and the [[Multi-National Force β Iraq|Coalition forces]], as well as a sectarian conflict against [[Sunni Islam in Iraq|Sunni]] [[Jihadism|Jihadist]] and [[Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party β Iraq Region|Ba'athist]] insurgents.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> Pro-Iran organizations in the PMF include the [[Badr Organization]], [[Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq]], [[Kata'ib Hezbollah]], [[Kata'ib al-Imam Ali|Kataβib al-Imam Ali]], [[Saraya al-Khorasani|Saraya Khorasani]], etc.<ref name="Derszi-Horvath, Gaston, Saleh">{{Cite web |last1=Derszi-Horvath |first1=Andras |last2=Gaston |first2=Erica |last3=Saleh |first3=Bahra |date=16 August 2017 |title=Who's Who: Quick Facts About Local and Sub-State Forces |url=https://www.gppi.net/2017/08/16/quick-facts-about-local-and-sub-state-forces |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2023011.../quick-facts-about-local-and-sub-state-forces |archive-date=15 January 2023 |publisher=Global Public Policy Institute}}</ref> Several militant groups received training and strategic aid from [[Hezbollah]]'s [[Unit 3800]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hezbollahβs Regional Activities in Support of Iranβs Proxy Networks |url=https://www.mei.edu/publications/hezbollahs-regional-activities-support-irans-proxy-networks?utm_ |access-date=2025-05-20 |publisher=Middle East Institute |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Shapira |first=Boaz |date=2025-01-05 |title=The Quds Force and Hezbollah Involvement Alongside the Houthis in Yemen |url=https://israel-alma.org/the-quds-force-and-hezbollah-involvement-alongside-the-houthis-in-yemen/ |access-date=2025-05-20 |publisher=Alma Research and Education Center |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Hezbollah in Iraq: A Little Help Can Go a Long Way |publisher=The Washington Institute |url=https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/hezbollah-iraq-little-help-can-go-long-way |access-date=2025-05-20 |language=en}}</ref> It has been labeled the new [[Republican Guard (Iraq)|Iraqi Republican Guard]] after it was fully reorganized in early 2018 by its then commander-in-chief [[Haider al-Abadi]], previous prime minister of Iraq, who issued "regulations to adapt the situation of the Popular Mobilization fighters".<ref name="newsweek.com">{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.newsweek.com/us-soldier...y-kick-americans-out-839255|title=Iran-backed militias officially join Iraqi military and threaten U.S. troops|first=Tom|last=O'Connor|date=March 9, 2018|magazine=[[Newsweek]]|access-date=January 2, 2020|archive-date=January 2, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2020010...ary-kick-americans-out-839255|url-status=live}}</ref>[/td]
[td]Many of its main factions that belong to the Shia faction trace their origins to the "[[Special Groups (Iraq)|Special Groups]]", Iranian-sponsored Shia groups that previously fought in the [[Iraqi insurgency (2003β2011)|Iraqi insurgency]] against the [[United States]] and the [[Multi-National Force β Iraq|Coalition forces]], as well as a sectarian conflict against [[Sunni Islam in Iraq|Sunni]] [[Jihadism|Jihadist]] and [[Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party β Iraq Region|Ba'athist]] insurgents.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> Pro-Iran organizations in the PMF include the [[Badr Organization]], [[Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq]], [[Kata'ib Hezbollah]], [[Kata'ib al-Imam Ali|Kataβib al-Imam Ali]], [[Saraya al-Khorasani|Saraya Khorasani]], etc.<ref name="Derszi-Horvath, Gaston, Saleh">{{Cite web |last1=Derszi-Horvath |first1=Andras |last2=Gaston |first2=Erica |last3=Saleh |first3=Bahra |date=16 August 2017 |title=Who's Who: Quick Facts About Local and Sub-State Forces |url=https://www.gppi.net/2017/08/16/quick-facts-about-local-and-sub-state-forces |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2023011.../quick-facts-about-local-and-sub-state-forces |archive-date=15 January 2023 |publisher=Global Public Policy Institute}}</ref> Several militant groups received training and strategic aid from [[Hezbollah]]'s [[Unit 3800]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hezbollahβs Regional Activities in Support of Iranβs Proxy Networks |url=https://www.mei.edu/publications/hezbollahs-regional-activities-support-irans-proxy-networks?utm_ |access-date=2025-05-20 |publisher=Middle East Institute |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Shapira |first=Boaz |date=2025-01-05 |title=The Quds Force and Hezbollah Involvement Alongside the Houthis in Yemen |url=https://israel-alma.org/the-quds-force-and-hezbollah-involvement-alongside-the-houthis-in-yemen/ |access-date=2025-05-20 |publisher=Alma Research and Education Center |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Hezbollah in Iraq: A Little Help Can Go a Long Way |publisher=The Washington Institute |url=https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/hezbollah-iraq-little-help-can-go-long-way |access-date=2025-05-20 |language=en}}</ref> It has been labeled the new [[Republican Guard (Iraq)|Iraqi Republican Guard]] after it was fully reorganized in early 2018 by its then commander-in-chief [[Haider al-Abadi]], previous prime minister of Iraq, who issued "regulations to adapt the situation of the Popular Mobilization fighters".<ref name="newsweek.com">{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.newsweek.com/us-soldier...y-kick-americans-out-839255|title=Iran-backed militias officially join Iraqi military and threaten U.S. troops|first=Tom|last=O'Connor|date=March 9, 2018|magazine=[[Newsweek]]|access-date=January 2, 2020|archive-date=January 2, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2020010...ary-kick-americans-out-839255|url-status=live}}</ref>[/td] [td][/td]
[td][/td] [td]Factions within the PMF are designated as terrorist groups by some states, including the [[United States]], the [[United Arab Emirates]], and [[Japan]], and have been widely accused of promoting [[Sectarian violence in Iraq|sectarian violence]],<ref name="Parker Landay 2016" /><ref name="al-Khadhimi">{{cite web |last=al-Khadhimi |first=Mustafa |date=22 December 2014 |title=Iraqi volunteers' victories don't justify atrocities |url=https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/or...ilization-shiite-achievements-violations.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2021011...ilization-shiite-achievements-violations.html |archive-date=2021-01-11 |access-date=2020-09-28 |website=Al-Monitor}}</ref><ref name="JP 2018">{{cite web |date=2018-01-04 |title=Iraq's Abadi in high-stakes plan to rein in Iranian-backed militias |url=https://www.jpost.com/middle-east/i...lan-to-rein-in-iranian-backed-militias-532873 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2020110...lan-to-rein-in-Iranian-backed-militias-532873 |archive-date=2020-11-09 |access-date=2020-09-28 |website=The Jerusalem Post}}</ref> perpetrating [[ethnic cleansing]] and [[Forced displacement|displacement]] of [[Sunni Islam in Iraq|Iraqi Sunnis]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=1.2. Popular Mobilisation Forces and Tribal Mobilisation Militias |publisher=European Union Agency for Asylum |url=https://euaa.europa.eu/country-guid...ation-forces-and-tribal-mobilisation-militias |access-date=2025-03-27 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last1=Pregent |first1=Michael |last2=Weiss |first2=Michael |date=2025-04-23 |title=The U.S. Is Providing Air Cover for Ethnic Cleansing in Iraq |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2015/03/2...thnic-cleansing-in-iraq-shiite-militias-isis/ |access-date=2025-03-27 |website=Foreign Policy |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Hassan |first=Hassan |date=2015-03-08 |title=Win or lose Tikrit, Isis can only be defeated in Iraq by the Sunni |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/mar/08/tikrit-isis-can-only-defeated-in-iraq-by-the-sunni |access-date=2025-03-27 |work=The Observer |language=en-GB |issn=0029-7712}}</ref> and carrying out [[war crime]]s, including abductions, forced disappearances, [massacre]]s, [[extrajudicial killing]]s, and the destructions of villages in [[Al Anbar Governorate|Anbar]], [[Saladin Governorate|Saladin]], and [[Diyala Governorate|Diyala]],<ref name=":5" /> as well as conducting [[Anti-Sunnism|anti-Sunni]] campaigns [[Sunni Arab genocide in Iraq|described as inherently genocidal]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Abdulrazaq |first=Tallha |title=The Iraq Report: Missing Sunnis an admission of 'war crimes' |url=https://www.newarab.com/analysis/iraq-report-missing-sunnis-admission-war-crimes |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20241226...aq-report-missing-sunnis-admission-war-crimes |archive-date=2024-12-26 |access-date=2025-03-27 |work=The New Arab |language=en-EN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-02-19 |title=GICJ Report - Fallujah: Inside the Genocide |url=https://www.gicj.org/topics/thematic-issues/genocide/1751-gicj-report-fallujah-inside-the-genocide |access-date=2025-03-27 |publisher=GICJ |language=en-gb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sectarian cleansing rears its ugly face again in Iraq |url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/1036251/amp |access-date=2025-03-27 |website=Arab News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-12-09 |title=Iran's attempted genocide of the Sunni Arabs |url=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20161209-irans-attempted-genocide-of-the-sunni-arabs/ |access-date=2025-03-27 |website=Middle East Monitor}}</ref> During the [[2019β2021 Iraqi protests]], the pro-Iran groups were accused of being responsible for killing and wounding large numbers of protesters and activists.<ref>Multiple sources:[/td]
[td]Factions within the PMF are designated as terrorist groups by some states, including the [[United States]], the [[United Arab Emirates]], and [[Japan]], and have been widely accused of promoting [[Sectarian violence in Iraq|sectarian violence]],<ref name="Parker Landay 2016" /><ref name="al-Khadhimi">{{cite web |last=al-Khadhimi |first=Mustafa |date=22 December 2014 |title=Iraqi volunteers' victories don't justify atrocities |url=https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/or...ilization-shiite-achievements-violations.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2021011...ilization-shiite-achievements-violations.html |archive-date=2021-01-11 |access-date=2020-09-28 |website=Al-Monitor}}</ref><ref name="JP 2018">{{cite web |date=2018-01-04 |title=Iraq's Abadi in high-stakes plan to rein in Iranian-backed militias |url=https://www.jpost.com/middle-east/i...lan-to-rein-in-iranian-backed-militias-532873 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2020110...lan-to-rein-in-Iranian-backed-militias-532873 |archive-date=2020-11-09 |access-date=2020-09-28 |website=The Jerusalem Post}}</ref> perpetrating [[ethnic cleansing]] and [[Forced displacement|displacement]] of [[Sunni Islam in Iraq|Iraqi Sunnis]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=1.2. Popular Mobilisation Forces and Tribal Mobilisation Militias |publisher=European Union Agency for Asylum |url=https://euaa.europa.eu/country-guid...ation-forces-and-tribal-mobilisation-militias |access-date=2025-03-27 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last1=Pregent |first1=Michael |last2=Weiss |first2=Michael |date=2025-04-23 |title=The U.S. Is Providing Air Cover for Ethnic Cleansing in Iraq |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2015/03/2...thnic-cleansing-in-iraq-shiite-militias-isis/ |access-date=2025-03-27 |website=Foreign Policy |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Hassan |first=Hassan |date=2015-03-08 |title=Win or lose Tikrit, Isis can only be defeated in Iraq by the Sunni |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/mar/08/tikrit-isis-can-only-defeated-in-iraq-by-the-sunni |access-date=2025-03-27 |work=The Observer |language=en-GB |issn=0029-7712}}</ref> and carrying out [[war crime]]s, including abductions, forced disappearances, [[massacre]]s, [[extrajudicial killing]]s, and the destructions of villages in [[Al Anbar Governorate|Anbar]], [[Saladin Governorate|Saladin]], and [[Diyala Governorate|Diyala]],<ref name=":5" /> as well as conducting [[Anti-Sunnism|anti-Sunni]] campaigns [[Sunni Arab genocide in Iraq|described as inherently genocidal]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Abdulrazaq |first=Tallha |title=The Iraq Report: Missing Sunnis an admission of 'war crimes' |url=https://www.newarab.com/analysis/iraq-report-missing-sunnis-admission-war-crimes |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20241226...aq-report-missing-sunnis-admission-war-crimes |archive-date=2024-12-26 |access-date=2025-03-27 |work=The New Arab |language=en-EN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-02-19 |title=GICJ Report - Fallujah: Inside the Genocide |url=https://www.gicj.org/topics/thematic-issues/genocide/1751-gicj-report-fallujah-inside-the-genocide |access-date=2025-03-27 |publisher=GICJ |language=en-gb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sectarian cleansing rears its ugly face again in Iraq |url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/1036251/amp |access-date=2025-03-27 |website=Arab News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-12-09 |title=Iran's attempted genocide of the Sunni Arabs |url=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20161209-irans-attempted-genocide-of-the-sunni-arabs/ |access-date=2025-03-27 |website=Middle East Monitor}}</ref> During the [[2019β2021 Iraqi protests]], the pro-Iran groups were accused of being responsible for killing and wounding large numbers of protesters and activists.<ref>Multiple sources:[/td] [td]*{{Cite news|last=Arraf|first=Jane|date=2021-09-18|title='There Is Chaos': Iran-Backed Militias Battle Activists in a Holy Iraqi City|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/18/...aq-karbala-iran-militias.html|url-status=live}}[/td]
[td]*{{Cite news|last=Arraf|first=Jane|date=2021-09-18|title='There Is Chaos': Iran-Backed Militias Battle Activists in a Holy Iraqi City|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/18/...aq-karbala-iran-militias.html|url-status=live}}[/td] [td]*{{cite news|title=Iraq: HRW denounces lethal force against protesters, urges probe|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019...ges-probe|access-date=2021-10-31|publisher=Al Jazeera English|language=en|archive-date=2021-10-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2021103...gainst-protesters-urges-probe|url-status=live}}[/td]
[td]*{{cite news|title=Iraq: HRW denounces lethal force against protesters, urges probe|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019...ges-probe|access-date=2021-10-31|publisher=Al Jazeera English|language=en|archive-date=2021-10-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2021103...gainst-protesters-urges-probe|url-status=live}}[/td]
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