Peacock bass

A

Anthropophoca

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Peacock bass aren't endemic to Brazil. Unfortunately there's no option to state that this name is Brazilian Portuguese

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Revision as of 10:13, 3 September 2025
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[td]'''Peacock bass''' or '''Brazilian tucunarΓ©''' are large [[freshwater fish|freshwater]] [[cichlid]]s of the [[genus]] '''''Cichla'''''.<ref name=Willis>{{cite journal|last=Willis|first=Stuart|author2=Izeni Farias |author3=Guillermo Orti | year=2012 | title=Simultaneous delimitation of species and quantification of interspecific hybridization in Amazonian peacock cichlids (genus Cichla) using multi-locus data|journal=BMC Evolutionary Biology|volume=12|issue=96|page=96|doi=10.1186/1471-2148-12-96|pmid=22727018|pmc=3563476 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2012BMCEE..12...96W }}</ref><ref name=Reiss2012>{{cite journal |author1=Reiss, P. |author2=K.W. Able |author3=M.S. Nunes |author4=T. Hrbek | year=2012 | title=Color pattern variation in Cichla temensis (Perciformes: Cichlidae): resolution based on morphological, molecular, and reproductive data | journal=Neotrop. Ichthyol. | volume=10 | issue=1 | pages=59–70 | doi=10.1590/S1679-62252012000100006 | doi-access=free }}</ref> These are [[diurnality|diurnal]] [[predatory fish]]es native to the [[Amazon basin|Amazon]] and [[Orinoco]] basins, as well as rivers of the [[Guianas]], in tropical [[South America]].<ref name=Kullander>{{cite journal|last=Kullander|first=Sven|author2=Efrem Ferreira|title=A review of the South American cichlid genus Cichla, with descriptions of nine new species (Teleostei: Cichlidae)|journal=Ichthyological Explorations of Freshwaters|year=2006|volume=17|issue=4}}</ref> They are sometimes referred to in English by their [[Brazilian Portuguese|Brazilian]] name ''tucunarΓ©'' or their [[Spanish language|Spanish]] name ''pavon''.<ref name=Reiss2012/> Despite the common name and their superficial similarity, they are not closely related to other fish known as [[bass (fish)|bass]], such as the North American [[largemouth bass]] (''Micropterus salmoides'').<ref name=WhatPeacockBass>{{cite news | title=What is a Peacock Bass? | newspaper=Acute Anglingβ€”Amazon Peacock Bass Fishing Trips with the World's Leading Authority | url=http://www.acuteangling.com/amazon-gamefish-science/peacock-bass.html | publisher=Acute Angling | access-date=17 October 2017 }}</ref>[/td]
[td]'''Peacock bass''' ({{Langx|pt|'''tucunarΓ©'''|italic=yes}}) are large [[freshwater fish|freshwater]] [[cichlid]]s of the [[genus]] '''''Cichla'''''.<ref name=Willis>{{cite journal|last=Willis|first=Stuart|author2=Izeni Farias |author3=Guillermo Orti | year=2012 | title=Simultaneous delimitation of species and quantification of interspecific hybridization in Amazonian peacock cichlids (genus Cichla) using multi-locus data|journal=BMC Evolutionary Biology|volume=12|issue=96|page=96|doi=10.1186/1471-2148-12-96|pmid=22727018|pmc=3563476 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2012BMCEE..12...96W }}</ref><ref name=Reiss2012>{{cite journal |author1=Reiss, P. |author2=K.W. Able |author3=M.S. Nunes |author4=T. Hrbek | year=2012 | title=Color pattern variation in Cichla temensis (Perciformes: Cichlidae): resolution based on morphological, molecular, and reproductive data | journal=Neotrop. Ichthyol. | volume=10 | issue=1 | pages=59–70 | doi=10.1590/S1679-62252012000100006 | doi-access=free }}</ref> These are [[diurnality|diurnal]] [[predatory fish]]es native to the [[Amazon basin|Amazon]] and [[Orinoco]] basins, as well as rivers of the [[Guianas]], in tropical [[South America]].<ref name=Kullander>{{cite journal|last=Kullander|first=Sven|author2=Efrem Ferreira|title=A review of the South American cichlid genus Cichla, with descriptions of nine new species (Teleostei: Cichlidae)|journal=Ichthyological Explorations of Freshwaters|year=2006|volume=17|issue=4}}</ref> They are sometimes referred to in English by their [[Brazilian Portuguese|Brazilian]] name ''tucunarΓ©'' or their [[Spanish language|Spanish]] name ''pavon''.<ref name=Reiss2012/> Despite the common name and their superficial similarity, they are not closely related to other fish known as [[bass (fish)|bass]], such as the North American [[largemouth bass]] (''Micropterus salmoides'').<ref name=WhatPeacockBass>{{cite news | title=What is a Peacock Bass? | newspaper=Acute Anglingβ€”Amazon Peacock Bass Fishing Trips with the World's Leading Authority | url=http://www.acuteangling.com/amazon-gamefish-science/peacock-bass.html | publisher=Acute Angling | access-date=17 October 2017 }}</ref>[/td]
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[td]Peacock bass are important [[food fish]] and are also considered valuable [[game fish]]. This has resulted in their accidental (escapees from [[fish farm]]s) or deliberate (release by fishers) [[introduced species|introduction]] to regions outside their native range,<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last1=Franco|first1=Ana Clara Sampaio|last2=Petry|first2=Ana Cristina|last3=Tavares|first3=Marcela Rosa|last4=FΓ‘tima Ramos GuimarΓ£es|first4=TaΓ­s|last5=Santos|first5=Luciano Neves|date=2021-10-28|title=Global distribution of the South American peacock basses Cichla spp. follows human interference|journal=Fish and Fisheries|volume=23 |issue=2 |language=en|pages=407–421|doi=10.1111/faf.12624|s2cid=240206544|issn=1467-2960}}</ref> both elsewhere in South America,<ref name=Ortega2015>{{cite journal | author=Ortega, J.C.G. | year=2015 | title=First record of Peacock bass Cichla kelberi Kullander & Ferreira, 2006 in the Brazilian Pantanal | journal=BioInvasions Records | volume=4 | issue=2 | pages=133–138 | doi=10.3391/bir.2015.4.2.10 | doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name=Gasques2015>{{cite journal |author=Luciano Seraphim Gasques |author2=SΓ΄nia Maria Alves Pinto Prioli |author3=Alberto JosΓ© Prioli |author4=Daniela Dib GonΓ§alves |author5=Thomaz Manzini Carrenho Fabrin | year=2015 | title= Prospecting molecular markers to distinguish ''Cichla kelberi'', ''C. Monoculus'' and ''C. Piquiti'' | journal= Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences| volume=37 | issue=4 | pages=455–462 | doi=10.4025/actascibiolsci.v37i4.25985 | doi-access=free }}</ref> and in warm parts of North America and Asia.<ref>{{cite web |author=Nico, L. |author2=M. Neilson | year=2017 | title=Cichla ocellaris Bloch and Schneider, 1801 | url=https://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/factsheet.aspx?SpeciesID=437 | publisher=U.S. Geological Survey, Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database | access-date=17 October 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Peacock Bass (introduced) | url=http://www.ecologyasia.com/verts/fishes/peacock-bass.htm | publisher=Ecology Asia | access-date=17 October 2017 }}</ref> Singles have been caught elsewhere, including Australia,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.couriermail.com.au/news/...d12e69343ee77e8424739d9ac9bc9fa|title=Peacock bass found in Mackay's Pioneer River|website=The Courier-Mail|language=en|access-date=2018-01-17}}</ref> but do not appear to have become established there.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.daf.qld.gov.au/about-us...-in-pioneer-river-following-sampling|title=No peacock bass found in Pioneer River following sampling|publisher=Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Queensland Government|date=2018-02-01|access-date=2018-02-14}}</ref> Where established as an introduced species, they may become [[Invasive species|invasive]] and damage the ecosystem because of their highly predatory behavior, feeding extensively on smaller native fish.<ref name=Pelicice>{{cite journal|last=Pelicice|first=Fernando M.|author2=Agostinho, Angelo A. |title=Fish fauna destruction after the introduction of a non-native predator (Cichla kelberi) in a Neotropical reservoir |journal=Biological Invasions |date=14 October 2008 |volume=11 |issue=8 |pages=1789–1801 |doi=10.1007/s10530-008-9358-3|s2cid=28019655}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last1=Franco|first1=Ana Clara Sampaio|last2=GarcΓ­a-Berthou|first2=Emili|last3=Santos|first3=Luciano Neves dos|date=2021-03-20|title=Ecological impacts of an invasive top predator fish across South America|journal=Science of the Total Environment|language=en|volume=761|page=143296|doi=10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143296|pmid=33187704|bibcode=2021ScTEn.76143296F|s2cid=226948167|issn=0048-9697}}</ref>[/td]
[td]Peacock bass are important [[food fish]] and are also considered valuable [[game fish]]. This has resulted in their accidental (escapees from [[fish farm]]s) or deliberate (release by fishers) [[introduced species|introduction]] to regions outside their native range,<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last1=Franco|first1=Ana Clara Sampaio|last2=Petry|first2=Ana Cristina|last3=Tavares|first3=Marcela Rosa|last4=FΓ‘tima Ramos GuimarΓ£es|first4=TaΓ­s|last5=Santos|first5=Luciano Neves|date=2021-10-28|title=Global distribution of the South American peacock basses Cichla spp. follows human interference|journal=Fish and Fisheries|volume=23 |issue=2 |language=en|pages=407–421|doi=10.1111/faf.12624|s2cid=240206544|issn=1467-2960}}</ref> both elsewhere in South America,<ref name=Ortega2015>{{cite journal | author=Ortega, J.C.G. | year=2015 | title=First record of Peacock bass Cichla kelberi Kullander & Ferreira, 2006 in the Brazilian Pantanal | journal=BioInvasions Records | volume=4 | issue=2 | pages=133–138 | doi=10.3391/bir.2015.4.2.10 | doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name=Gasques2015>{{cite journal |author=Luciano Seraphim Gasques |author2=SΓ΄nia Maria Alves Pinto Prioli |author3=Alberto JosΓ© Prioli |author4=Daniela Dib GonΓ§alves |author5=Thomaz Manzini Carrenho Fabrin | year=2015 | title= Prospecting molecular markers to distinguish ''Cichla kelberi'', ''C. Monoculus'' and ''C. Piquiti'' | journal= Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences| volume=37 | issue=4 | pages=455–462 | doi=10.4025/actascibiolsci.v37i4.25985 | doi-access=free }}</ref> and in warm parts of North America and Asia.<ref>{{cite web |author=Nico, L. |author2=M. Neilson | year=2017 | title=Cichla ocellaris Bloch and Schneider, 1801 | url=https://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/factsheet.aspx?SpeciesID=437 | publisher=U.S. Geological Survey, Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database | access-date=17 October 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Peacock Bass (introduced) | url=http://www.ecologyasia.com/verts/fishes/peacock-bass.htm | publisher=Ecology Asia | access-date=17 October 2017 }}</ref> Singles have been caught elsewhere, including Australia,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.couriermail.com.au/news/...d12e69343ee77e8424739d9ac9bc9fa|title=Peacock bass found in Mackay's Pioneer River|website=The Courier-Mail|language=en|access-date=2018-01-17}}</ref> but do not appear to have become established there.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.daf.qld.gov.au/about-us...-in-pioneer-river-following-sampling|title=No peacock bass found in Pioneer River following sampling|publisher=Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Queensland Government|date=2018-02-01|access-date=2018-02-14}}</ref> Where established as an introduced species, they may become [[Invasive species|invasive]] and damage the ecosystem because of their highly predatory behavior, feeding extensively on smaller native fish.<ref name=Pelicice>{{cite journal|last=Pelicice|first=Fernando M.|author2=Agostinho, Angelo A. |title=Fish fauna destruction after the introduction of a non-native predator (Cichla kelberi) in a Neotropical reservoir |journal=Biological Invasions |date=14 October 2008 |volume=11 |issue=8 |pages=1789–1801 |doi=10.1007/s10530-008-9358-3|s2cid=28019655}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last1=Franco|first1=Ana Clara Sampaio|last2=GarcΓ­a-Berthou|first2=Emili|last3=Santos|first3=Luciano Neves dos|date=2021-03-20|title=Ecological impacts of an invasive top predator fish across South America|journal=Science of the Total Environment|language=en|volume=761|page=143296|doi=10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143296|pmid=33187704|bibcode=2021ScTEn.76143296F|s2cid=226948167|issn=0048-9697}}</ref>[/td]

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