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[td][/td] [td]Abu Amsha gained prominence during the [[Syrian civil war]] after joining several [[Syrian opposition to Bashar al-Assad|opposition]] military groups. He also became well-known in March 2025, after participating in the [[2025 massacres of Syrian Alawites]], in which he participated as the commander of the Hama division within the newly re-formed Syrian Army under the command of [[Murhaf Abu Qasra]].[/td]
[td]Abu Amsha gained prominence during the [[Syrian civil war]] after joining several [[Syrian opposition to Bashar al-Assad|opposition]] military groups. He also became well-known in March 2025, after participating in the [[2025 massacres of Syrian Alawites]], in which he participated as the commander of the Hama division within the newly re-formed Syrian Army under the command of [[Murhaf Abu Qasra]].[/td] [td][/td] [td]== Military career ==[/td] [td]Before the outbreak of the [[Syrian civil war]], al-Jassem worked as a tractor and harvester driver in the Syrian countryside. With the onset of the conflict in 2011, he joined an armed opposition group known as "Khat Al-Nar" (Fire Line), which later merged with the "Martyrs of Hiyalin Battalion". On 19 November 2012, he co-founded the "Fire Line Brigade" in northern [[Hama Governorate]].<ref name="SyrianMemory">{{cite web |title=ุฃุฑุดูู ุงูุซูุฑุฉ ุงูุณูุฑูุฉ - ุงูุดุฎุตูุงุช: ู ุญู ุฏ ุงูุฌุงุณู (ุฃุจู ุนู ุดุฉ) |trans-title=Syrian Revolution Archive - Figures: Mohammed al-Jassem (Abu Amsha) |lang=ar |url=https://syrianmemory.org/archive/figures/6048c5595afb2d0001317144 |website=Syrian Memory |access-date=4 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2025061....org/archive/figures/6048c5595afb2d0001317144 |archive-date=18 June 2025 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=ู ุญู ุฏ ุงูุฌุงุณู ุฃุจู ุนู ุดุฉ: ู ู ุญุฑุงู ู ุงูุฒูุชูู ุฅูู ูุฌู ุจุงุฑุฒ ูู ุงููุธุงู ุงูุฌุฏูุฏ ุจุณูุฑูุง |trans-title=Mohammed al-Jassem Abu Amsha: From olive thief to a prominent figure in Syria's new regime |url=https://elmanshar.com/2025/01/30/ู ุญู ุฏ-ุงูุฌุงุณู -ุฃุจู-ุนู ุดุฉ-ู ู-ุญุฑุงู ู-ุงูุฒูุชูู-ุฅ/ |website=El-Manshar |date=30 January 2025 |access-date=4 February 2025 |lang=ar |archive-url=https://archive.today/2025030123182...1/30/ู ุญู ุฏ-ุงูุฌุงุณู -ุฃุจู-ุนู ุดุฉ-ู ู-ุญุฑุงู ู-ุงูุฒูุชูู-ุฅ/ |archive-date=1 March 2025 |url-status=live}}</ref>[/td] [td][/td] [td]He joined the [[Syrian Revolutionaries Front]] (SRF) in 2013. Following [[Al-Nusra FrontโSRF/Hazzm Movement conflict|clashes]] between it and [[Jabhat al-Nusra]], (which resulted in the dissolution of the SRF), al-Jassem relocated to northern [[Aleppo Governorate]] and joined the [[Levant Front]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://english.enabbaladi.net/arch...fighters-enlisted-into-suleiman-shah-brigade/ |title=Wolves of the North: 2000 fighters enlisted into Suleiman Shah Brigade |date=7 July 2021 |accessdate=18 February 2025 |website=[[Enab Baladi]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2021071...fighters-enlisted-into-suleiman-shah-brigade/ |archive-date=10 July 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref> Later, he became a unit commander in the [[Sultan Murad Division]] during [[Operation Olive Branch]] in [[Afrin, Syria|Afrin]] in 2018 where his unit became infamous for committing atrocities against the local Kurds. Afterward, he established the [[Sultan Suleiman Shah Division]], which became part of the Turkish-backed [[Syrian National Army]].<ref name="963Media2024">{{cite news |title=ู ู ูู ุฃุจู ุนู ุดุฉ ูู ุงุฐุง ูุนุฑู ุนู ูุตููู ุงูู ุชูู ุจุงูุชูุงูุงุช ูุงุณุนุฉ "ุชุญุช ุฃูุธุงุฑ" ุฃููุฑุฉุ |trans-title=Who is Abu Amsha and what do we know about his faction accused of widespread violations "under Ankara's watch"? |url=https://963media.com/25101/ |website=963 Media |date=24 September 2024|access-date=4 February 2025 |lang=ar |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240924090440/https://963media.com/25101/ |archive-date=24 September 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref>[/td] [td][/td] [td]After the [[fall of the Assad regime]], military opposition factions began to merge within the Syrian Army under the Ministry of Defense of the [[Syrian caretaker government|new administration]]. Al-Jassem was subsequently promoted to the rank of brigadier general and was appointed commander of the 25th Division,<ref>{{cite news |title=ุชุณููู ู ุญู ุฏ ุงูุฌุงุณู "ุฃุจู ุนู ุดุฉ" ููุงุฏุฉ ุฅุญุฏู ุงููุฑู ุงูุนุณูุฑูุฉ ูุณุท ุณูุฑูุง |trans-title=Mohammed al-Jassem "Abu Amsha" handed leadership of a military division in central Syria |url=https://npasyria.com/204326/ |website=North Press Agency |date=2 February 2025 |access-date=4 February 2025 |lang=ar |archive-url=https://archive.today/20250301232333/https://npasyria.com/204326/ |archive-date=1 March 2025 |url-status=live}}</ref> with ''[[Enab Baladi]]'' calling it the Hama Brigade.<ref>{{cite news |title=Syrian Defense Ministry appoints "Abu Amsha" as Hama Brigade commander |url=https://english.enabbaladi.net/arch...appoints-abu-amsha-as-hama-brigade-commander/ |website=[[Enab Baladi]] |date=2 February 2025 |access-date=15 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2025021...appoints-abu-amsha-as-hama-brigade-commander/ |archive-date=13 February 2025 |url-status=live}}</ref>[/td] [td][/td]
[td][/td] [td]== Controversies and allegations ==[/td]
[td]== Controversies and allegations ==[/td]
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[td][/td]Revision as of 19:03, 30 August 2025
[/td][td][/td] [td]Abu Amsha gained prominence during the [[Syrian civil war]] after joining several [[Syrian opposition to Bashar al-Assad|opposition]] military groups. He also became well-known in March 2025, after participating in the [[2025 massacres of Syrian Alawites]], in which he participated as the commander of the Hama division within the newly re-formed Syrian Army under the command of [[Murhaf Abu Qasra]].[/td]
[td]Abu Amsha gained prominence during the [[Syrian civil war]] after joining several [[Syrian opposition to Bashar al-Assad|opposition]] military groups. He also became well-known in March 2025, after participating in the [[2025 massacres of Syrian Alawites]], in which he participated as the commander of the Hama division within the newly re-formed Syrian Army under the command of [[Murhaf Abu Qasra]].[/td] [td][/td] [td]== Military career ==[/td] [td]Before the outbreak of the [[Syrian civil war]], al-Jassem worked as a tractor and harvester driver in the Syrian countryside. With the onset of the conflict in 2011, he joined an armed opposition group known as "Khat Al-Nar" (Fire Line), which later merged with the "Martyrs of Hiyalin Battalion". On 19 November 2012, he co-founded the "Fire Line Brigade" in northern [[Hama Governorate]].<ref name="SyrianMemory">{{cite web |title=ุฃุฑุดูู ุงูุซูุฑุฉ ุงูุณูุฑูุฉ - ุงูุดุฎุตูุงุช: ู ุญู ุฏ ุงูุฌุงุณู (ุฃุจู ุนู ุดุฉ) |trans-title=Syrian Revolution Archive - Figures: Mohammed al-Jassem (Abu Amsha) |lang=ar |url=https://syrianmemory.org/archive/figures/6048c5595afb2d0001317144 |website=Syrian Memory |access-date=4 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2025061....org/archive/figures/6048c5595afb2d0001317144 |archive-date=18 June 2025 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=ู ุญู ุฏ ุงูุฌุงุณู ุฃุจู ุนู ุดุฉ: ู ู ุญุฑุงู ู ุงูุฒูุชูู ุฅูู ูุฌู ุจุงุฑุฒ ูู ุงููุธุงู ุงูุฌุฏูุฏ ุจุณูุฑูุง |trans-title=Mohammed al-Jassem Abu Amsha: From olive thief to a prominent figure in Syria's new regime |url=https://elmanshar.com/2025/01/30/ู ุญู ุฏ-ุงูุฌุงุณู -ุฃุจู-ุนู ุดุฉ-ู ู-ุญุฑุงู ู-ุงูุฒูุชูู-ุฅ/ |website=El-Manshar |date=30 January 2025 |access-date=4 February 2025 |lang=ar |archive-url=https://archive.today/2025030123182...1/30/ู ุญู ุฏ-ุงูุฌุงุณู -ุฃุจู-ุนู ุดุฉ-ู ู-ุญุฑุงู ู-ุงูุฒูุชูู-ุฅ/ |archive-date=1 March 2025 |url-status=live}}</ref>[/td] [td][/td] [td]He joined the [[Syrian Revolutionaries Front]] (SRF) in 2013. Following [[Al-Nusra FrontโSRF/Hazzm Movement conflict|clashes]] between it and [[Jabhat al-Nusra]], (which resulted in the dissolution of the SRF), al-Jassem relocated to northern [[Aleppo Governorate]] and joined the [[Levant Front]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://english.enabbaladi.net/arch...fighters-enlisted-into-suleiman-shah-brigade/ |title=Wolves of the North: 2000 fighters enlisted into Suleiman Shah Brigade |date=7 July 2021 |accessdate=18 February 2025 |website=[[Enab Baladi]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2021071...fighters-enlisted-into-suleiman-shah-brigade/ |archive-date=10 July 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref> Later, he became a unit commander in the [[Sultan Murad Division]] during [[Operation Olive Branch]] in [[Afrin, Syria|Afrin]] in 2018 where his unit became infamous for committing atrocities against the local Kurds. Afterward, he established the [[Sultan Suleiman Shah Division]], which became part of the Turkish-backed [[Syrian National Army]].<ref name="963Media2024">{{cite news |title=ู ู ูู ุฃุจู ุนู ุดุฉ ูู ุงุฐุง ูุนุฑู ุนู ูุตููู ุงูู ุชูู ุจุงูุชูุงูุงุช ูุงุณุนุฉ "ุชุญุช ุฃูุธุงุฑ" ุฃููุฑุฉุ |trans-title=Who is Abu Amsha and what do we know about his faction accused of widespread violations "under Ankara's watch"? |url=https://963media.com/25101/ |website=963 Media |date=24 September 2024|access-date=4 February 2025 |lang=ar |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240924090440/https://963media.com/25101/ |archive-date=24 September 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref>[/td] [td][/td] [td]After the [[fall of the Assad regime]], military opposition factions began to merge within the Syrian Army under the Ministry of Defense of the [[Syrian caretaker government|new administration]]. Al-Jassem was subsequently promoted to the rank of brigadier general and was appointed commander of the 25th Division,<ref>{{cite news |title=ุชุณููู ู ุญู ุฏ ุงูุฌุงุณู "ุฃุจู ุนู ุดุฉ" ููุงุฏุฉ ุฅุญุฏู ุงููุฑู ุงูุนุณูุฑูุฉ ูุณุท ุณูุฑูุง |trans-title=Mohammed al-Jassem "Abu Amsha" handed leadership of a military division in central Syria |url=https://npasyria.com/204326/ |website=North Press Agency |date=2 February 2025 |access-date=4 February 2025 |lang=ar |archive-url=https://archive.today/20250301232333/https://npasyria.com/204326/ |archive-date=1 March 2025 |url-status=live}}</ref> with ''[[Enab Baladi]]'' calling it the Hama Brigade.<ref>{{cite news |title=Syrian Defense Ministry appoints "Abu Amsha" as Hama Brigade commander |url=https://english.enabbaladi.net/arch...appoints-abu-amsha-as-hama-brigade-commander/ |website=[[Enab Baladi]] |date=2 February 2025 |access-date=15 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2025021...appoints-abu-amsha-as-hama-brigade-commander/ |archive-date=13 February 2025 |url-status=live}}</ref>[/td] [td][/td]
[td][/td] [td]== Controversies and allegations ==[/td]
[td]== Controversies and allegations ==[/td]
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