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[td]Since the 1990s, the Barrio 18 and [[MS-13]] street gangs committed several crimes in El Salvador contributing to the country having one of the world's highest [[List of countries by intentional homicide rate|intentional homicide rates]]. In June 2010, a member of Barrio 18 was killed by a member of MS-13, one of Barrio 18's rivals. The following day, Barrio 18 committed the Mejicanos massacre in revenge for the killing. Since 2011, several individuals have been charged or convicted for their roles in the Mejicanos massacre. Sentences range from 3 years imprisonment to 410 years imprisonment.[/td]Revision as of 01:22, 30 August 2025
[/td][td]Since the 1990s, the Barrio 18 and [[MS-13]] street gangs committed several crimes in El Salvador contributing to the country having one of the world's highest [[List of countries by intentional homicide rate|intentional homicide rates]]. In June 2010, a member of Barrio 18 was killed by a member of MS-13, one of Barrio 18's rivals. The following day, Barrio 18 committed the Mejicanos massacre in revenge for the killing. Since 2011, several individuals have been charged or convicted for their roles in the Mejicanos massacre. Sentences range from 3 years imprisonment to 410 years imprisonment.[/td] [td][/td]
[td][/td] [td]Salvadoran president [[Mauricio Funes]] and the [[National Civil Police (El Salvador)|National Civil Police]] described the massacre as a terrorist attack. The [[Legislative Assembly of El Salvador|Legislative Assembly]] passed a law cracking down on gangs as a direct response to the massacre that remained in effect until the [[2012–2014 Salvadoran gang truce|2012–2014 gang truce]]. The Mejicanos massacre remains the deadliest attack committed by street gangs in El Salvador.[/td]
[td]Salvadoran president [[Mauricio Funes]] and the [[National Civil Police (El Salvador)|National Civil Police]] described the massacre as a terrorist attack. The [[Legislative Assembly of El Salvador|Legislative Assembly]] passed a law cracking down on gangs as a direct response to the massacre. The Mejicanos massacre remains the deadliest attack committed by street gangs in El Salvador.[/td] [td][/td]
[td][/td] [td]== Background ==[/td]
[td]== Background ==[/td] [td]At 7:30 p.m. on 20 June 2010, members of the Barrio 18 Revolucionarios clique<ref>{{cite web|url=https://lanoticiasv.com/a-14-anos-d...un-microbus-de-mejicanos-pdte-bukele/|title=A 14 Años de la Masacre Cometida por Pandilleros en un Microbús de Mejicanos, Pdte. Bukele: «Nunca Olvidemos de Dónde Venimos, para JAMÁS Regresar a Ese Pasado tan Oscuro, Que se Había Vuelto Nuestro Día a Día»|trans-title=14 Years Since the Massacre Committed by Gang Members in a Mejicanos Minibus, President Bukele: "We Will Never Forget Where We Came From, to NEVER Return to that Very Dark Past, That Had Become Our Day to Day"|language=es|date=20 June 2024|access-date=20 June 2024|work=La Noticia SV|first1=David|last1=Morales|location=El Salvador}}</ref> shot at a minibus operated by bus route 47 in Mejicanos, killing the driver and a passenger in the process. Around 15 minutes later, another group of Barrios 18 members forced their way onto a different route 47 minibus and forced the driver to drive to the location where "Crayola" was killed. There, gang members shot at the minibus' passengers and then proceeded to douse the minibus' entrance and center hallway with gasoline. The gang members set the bus on fire and shot at any passengers attempting to escape through the windows.<ref name="BBC" /><ref name="EMes">{{cite web|url=https://www.elmundo.es/america/2010/06/21/noticias/1277111307.html|title=La Policía Salvadoreña Tipifica como Terrorismo las Masacres en Dos Autobuses Urbanos|trans-title=The Salvadoran Police Classifies the Massacres on Two Urban Busses as Terrorism|language=es|date=21 June 2010|access-date=20 June 2024|work=[[El Mundo (Spain)|El Mundo]]|first1=Roberto|last1=Valencia|location=[[San Salvador]], El Salvador}}</ref>[/td]
[td]At 7:30 p.m. on 20 June 2010, members of the Barrio 18 Revolucionarios clique<ref>{{cite web|url=https://lanoticiasv.com/a-14-anos-d...un-microbus-de-mejicanos-pdte-bukele/|title=A 14 Años de la Masacre Cometida por Pandilleros en un Microbús de Mejicanos, Pdte. Bukele: «Nunca Olvidemos de Dónde Venimos, para JAMÁS Regresar a Ese Pasado tan Oscuro, Que se Había Vuelto Nuestro Día a Día»|trans-title=14 Years Since the Massacre Committed by Gang Members in a Mejicanos Minibus, President Bukele: "We Will Never Forget Where We Came From, to NEVER Return to that Very Dark Past, That Had Become Our Day to Day"|language=es|date=20 June 2024|access-date=20 June 2024|work=La Noticia SV|first1=David|last1=Morales|location=El Salvador}}</ref> shot at a minibus operated by bus route 47 in Mejicanos, killing the driver and a passenger in the process. Around 15 minutes later, another group of Barrios 18 members forced their way onto a different route 47 minibus and forced the driver to drive to the location where "Crayola" was killed. There, gang members shot at the minibus' passengers and then proceeded to douse the minibus' entrance and center hallway with gasoline. The gang members set the bus on fire and shot at any passengers attempting to escape through the windows.<ref name="BBC" /><ref name="EMes">{{cite web|url=https://www.elmundo.es/america/2010/06/21/noticias/1277111307.html|title=La Policía Salvadoreña Tipifica como Terrorismo las Masacres en Dos Autobuses Urbanos|trans-title=The Salvadoran Police Classifies the Massacres on Two Urban Busses as Terrorism|language=es|date=21 June 2010|access-date=20 June 2024|work=[[El Mundo (Spain)|El Mundo]]|first1=Roberto|last1=Valencia|location=[[San Salvador]], El Salvador}}</ref>[/td] [td][/td]
[td][/td] [td]Victims of the attack were transported to the nearby Zacamil Hospital.<ref name="EM">{{cite web|url=https://diario.elmundo.sv/Nacionale...nos-que-sacudio-al-pais-hace-10-anos|title=La Masacre de Mejicanos que Sacudió al País Hace 10 Años|trans-title=The Mejicanos Massacre that Shook the Country 10 Years Ago|language=es|date=20 June 2020|access-date=20 June 2024|work=[[El Mundo (El Salvador)|El Mundo]]}}</ref> In total, 19 people died in the Mejicanos massacre; 2 died in the first minibus attack, and 17 died in the second.{{efn|In the second minibus attack, 13 people died at the scene and 4 subsequently in hospital in the days following the attack.<ref name="EM" /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://elfaro.net/es/201006/noticias/1967/|title=15 Pasajeros Muertos en Ataque a Microbuses en Mejicanos|trans-title=15 Passengers Dead in Attack on Minibuses in Mejicanos|language=es|date=21 June 2010|access-date=20 June 2024|work=[[El Faro (digital newspaper)|El Faro]]|first1=David|last1=Murcia}}</ref>}} A further 14 or 15 people were serious injured. Those who died were killed either by the fire itself, asphyxiation, or the gang members' gunfire.<ref name="EF" /><ref name="EM" /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://historico.elsalvador.com/hi...17-personas-dentro-de-microbus.html|title=Hoy se Cumplen Seis Años del Asesinato de 17 Personas Dentro de Microbús|trans-title=Today Marks Six Years Since the Murder of 17 People Inside a Minibus|language=es|date=20 June 2016|access-date=20 June 2024|work=[[El Diario de Hoy]]|first1=Jorge|last1=Beltrán Luna}}</ref> The first minibus attack was committed in order to divert the attention of the [[National Civil Police (El Salvador)|National Civil Police]] from the second attack.<ref name="BBC" /> The Mejicanos massacre remains the deadliest attack committed by street gangs in Salvadoran history.<ref name="BBC" /><ref name="EM" />[/td]
[td]Victims of the attack were transported to the nearby Zacamil Hospital.<ref name="EM">{{cite web|url=https://diario.elmundo.sv/Nacionale...nos-que-sacudio-al-pais-hace-10-anos|title=La Masacre de Mejicanos que Sacudió al País Hace 10 Años|trans-title=The Mejicanos Massacre that Shook the Country 10 Years Ago|language=es|date=20 June 2020|access-date=20 June 2024|work=[[El Mundo (El Salvador)|El Mundo]]}}</ref> In total, 19 people died in the Mejicanos massacre; 2 died in the first minibus attack, and 17 died in the second (13 people died at the scene and 4 subsequently in hospital in the days following the attack).<ref name="EM" /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://elfaro.net/es/201006/noticias/1967/|title=15 Pasajeros Muertos en Ataque a Microbuses en Mejicanos|trans-title=15 Passengers Dead in Attack on Minibuses in Mejicanos|language=es|date=21 June 2010|access-date=20 June 2024|work=[[El Faro (digital newspaper)|El Faro]]|first1=David|last1=Murcia}}</ref>}} A further 14 or 15 people were serious injured. Those who died were killed either by the fire itself, asphyxiation, or the gang members' gunfire.<ref name="EF" /><ref name="EM" /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://historico.elsalvador.com/hi...17-personas-dentro-de-microbus.html|title=Hoy se Cumplen Seis Años del Asesinato de 17 Personas Dentro de Microbús|trans-title=Today Marks Six Years Since the Murder of 17 People Inside a Minibus|language=es|date=20 June 2016|access-date=20 June 2024|work=[[El Diario de Hoy]]|first1=Jorge|last1=Beltrán Luna}}</ref> The first minibus attack was committed in order to divert the attention of the [[National Civil Police (El Salvador)|National Civil Police]] from the second attack.<ref name="BBC" /> The Mejicanos massacre remains the deadliest attack committed by street gangs in Salvadoran history.<ref name="BBC" /><ref name="EM" />[/td] [td][/td]
[td][/td] [td]== Aftermath ==[/td]
[td]== Aftermath ==[/td] [td]=== Reactions ===[/td]
[td]=== Reactions ===[/td] [td][/td]
[td][/td] [td]On 21 June 2010, Salvadoran president [[Mauricio Funes]] told journalists that "it shocks me, yesterday's event has no comparison with other events... it seems to me an act that seeks to generate terror, it is an act of pure [[terrorism]]" ("{{lang|es|a mí me estremece, el hecho de ayer no tiene comparación con otros hechos… me parece un acto que busca generar terror, es un acto de terrorismo puro}}").<ref name="EM" /> The National Civil Police labeled the massacre as a terrorist attack.<ref name="EMes" /> On 23 June, Funes stated that repression was necessary to combat gang violence in El Salvador.<ref name="66Y">{{cite web|url=https://www.laprensagrafica.com/els...acre-en-Mejicanos-20130927-0067.html|title=66 Años de Cárcel para Autor de Masacre en Mejicanos|trans-title=66 Years Imprisonment for Author of the Mejicanos Massacre|language=es|date=27 September 2013|access-date=20 June 2024|work=[[La Prensa Gráfica]]}}</ref> In a direct response to the Mejicanos massacre, the [[Legislative Assembly of El Salvador]] passed the "Law Prohibiting Maras, Gangs, Groups, Associations, and Organizations of Criminal Nature", which was drafted by Funes, on 1 September. Both MS-13 and Barrio 18 organized a public transportation strike in an attempt to force the Legislative Assembly to repeal the law to no avail. The law, which increased prison sentences for gang members, remained in effect until the beginning of the [[2012–2014 Salvadoran gang truce]].<ref name="LOC" />{{Rp|4–6}}[/td]
[td]On 21 June 2010, Salvadoran president [[Mauricio Funes]] told journalists that "it shocks me, yesterday's event has no comparison with other events... it seems to me an act that seeks to generate terror, it is an act of pure [[terrorism]]" ("{{lang|es|a mí me estremece, el hecho de ayer no tiene comparación con otros hechos… me parece un acto que busca generar terror, es un acto de terrorismo puro}}").<ref name="EM" /> The National Civil Police labeled the massacre as a terrorist attack.<ref name="EMes" /> In a direct response to the Mejicanos massacre, the [[Legislative Assembly of El Salvador]] passed the "Law Prohibiting Maras, Gangs, Groups, Associations, and Organizations of Criminal Nature", which was drafted by Funes, on 1 September. Both MS-13 and Barrio 18 organized a public transportation strike in an attempt to force the Legislative Assembly to repeal the law to no avail. The law, which increased prison sentences for gang members.<ref name="LOC" />{{Rp|4–6}}[/td] [td][/td]
[td][/td] [td]=== Prosecution of assailants ===[/td]
[td]=== Prosecution of assailants ===[/td] [td]According to ''[[El Faro (digital newspaper)|El Faro]]'' journalist Carlos Martínez, the attack was not planned by Barrio 18 and was instead spontaneously committed by some of its members. He also reported that some of those who committed the attack were killed by the gang as a punishment for attracting police attention to Barrio 18.<ref name="BBC" />[/td]
[td]According to ''[[El Faro (digital newspaper)|El Faro]]'' journalist Carlos Martínez, the attack was not planned by Barrio 18 and was instead spontaneously committed by some of its members. He also reported that some of those who committed the attack were killed by the gang as a punishment for attracting police attention to Barrio 18.<ref name="BBC" />[/td] [td][/td]
[td][/td] [td]On 21 June 2010, the National Civil Police announced the arrests of eight gang members who were suspected of being involved in the massacre, three of whom were minors.<ref name="EF" /> On 8 November 2011, Juan Antonio Borja Alvarado and Éver Alexis Martínez were sentenced to 66 years imprisonment for their role in the massacre. Rafael García Barbero was also sentenced to 3 years imprisonment for being an accessory to the attack.<ref name="66Y" /> On 27 September 2013, Gustavo Ernesto López Huezo was sentenced to 66 years and 8 months imprisonment for being the massacre's mastermind. He was convicted of aggravated homicide, attempted homicide, and aggravated damage. The court determined that López Huezo was the one responsible for forcing the driver to drive the bus to the site of the massacre, that he was the one that organized the procurement of the gasoline used in the massacre, and that he subsequently murdered the driver with a [[.38 S&W|.38 revolver]]. "Crayola" was López Huezo's brother-in-law.<ref name="EM" /><ref name="66Y" /> In March 2016, Carlos Oswaldo Alvarado was sentenced to 410 years imprisonment for his role in setting the minibus on fire.<ref name="EDH" /> On 9 July 2021, the National Civil Police arrested four more gang members supposedly involved in the Mejicanos massacre.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.contrapunto.com.sv/capt...ntro-de-microbus-en-mejicanos/|title=Capturan a Sujetos Implicados en Calcinar a 17 Personas Dentro de Microbús en Mejicanos|trans-title=They Captured Suspects Implicated in Burning 17 People Inside a Minibus in Mejicanos|language=es|date=9 July 2021|access-date=20 June 2024|work=Contra Punto}}</ref> On 29 July 2025, Eduardo Enrique Rosales Mendoza, a Barrio 18 member implicated in the massacre who served 15 years imprisonment, was recaptured by the National Civil Police and charged with illicit association.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://lanoticiasv.com/recapturan-...personas-calcinadas-en-2010/|title=Recapturan a Pandillero Implicado en Quema de Bus Donde Murieron Personas Calcinadas en 2010|trans-title=Gang Member Involved in Bus Burning Where People Burnt to Death in 2010 Recaptured|language=es|date=29 July 2025|access-date=29 August 2025|work=La Noticia SV|first1=Verónica|last1=Martínez}}</ref>[/td]
[td]On 21 June 2010, the National Civil Police announced the arrests of eight gang members who were suspected of being involved in the massacre, three of whom were minors.<ref name="EF" /> On 8 November 2011, Juan Antonio Borja Alvarado and Éver Alexis Martínez were sentenced to 66 years imprisonment for their role in the massacre. Rafael García Barbero was also sentenced to 3 years imprisonment for being an accessory to the attack.<ref name="66Y">{{cite web|url=https://www.laprensagrafica.com/elsalvador/66-anos-de-carcel-para-autor-de-masacre-en-Mejicanos-20130927-0067.html|title=66 Años de Cárcel para Autor de Masacre en Mejicanos|trans-title=66 Years Imprisonment for Author of the Mejicanos Massacre|language=es|date=27 September 2013|access-date=20 June 2024|work=[[La Prensa Gráfica]]}}</ref> On 27 September 2013, Gustavo Ernesto López Huezo was sentenced to 66 years and 8 months imprisonment for being the massacre's mastermind. He was convicted of aggravated homicide, attempted homicide, and aggravated damage. The court determined that López Huezo was the one responsible for forcing the driver to drive the bus to the site of the massacre, that he was the one that organized the procurement of the gasoline used in the massacre, and that he subsequently murdered the driver with a [[.38 S&W|.38 revolver]]. "Crayola" was López Huezo's brother-in-law.<ref name="EM" /><ref name="66Y" /> In March 2016, Carlos Oswaldo Alvarado was sentenced to 410 years imprisonment for his role in setting the minibus on fire.<ref name="EDH" /> On 9 July 2021, the National Civil Police arrested four more gang members supposedly involved in the Mejicanos massacre.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.contrapunto.com.sv/capt...ntro-de-microbus-en-mejicanos/|title=Capturan a Sujetos Implicados en Calcinar a 17 Personas Dentro de Microbús en Mejicanos|trans-title=They Captured Suspects Implicated in Burning 17 People Inside a Minibus in Mejicanos|language=es|date=9 July 2021|access-date=20 June 2024|work=Contra Punto}}</ref> On 29 July 2025, Eduardo Enrique Rosales Mendoza, a Barrio 18 member arrested the day after the massacre<ref name="EF" /> who served 15 years imprisonment, was recaptured by the National Civil Police and charged with illicit association.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://lanoticiasv.com/recapturan-...personas-calcinadas-en-2010/|title=Recapturan a Pandillero Implicado en Quema de Bus Donde Murieron Personas Calcinadas en 2010|trans-title=Gang Member Involved in Bus Burning Where People Burnt to Death in 2010 Recaptured|language=es|date=29 July 2025|access-date=29 August 2025|work=La Noticia SV|first1=Verónica|last1=Martínez}}</ref>[/td] [td][/td]
[td][/td] [td]=== Similar attacks ===[/td]
[td]=== Similar attacks ===[/td] [td][/td]
[td][/td] [td]* [[List of massacres in El Salvador]][/td]
[td]* [[List of massacres in El Salvador]][/td] [td][/td] [td]== Notes ==[/td] [td][/td] [td]{{notelist}}[/td] [td][/td]
[td][/td] [td]== References ==[/td]
[td]== References ==[/td]
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