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Cardiovascular: copied content from Circulatory system; see page history for attribution
[td]=== Cardiovascular ===[/td] [td][[File:2101_Blood_Flow_Through_the_Heart.jpg|thumb|350x350px|Blood flow in the pulmonary and systemic circulations showing capillary networks in the torso sections]][/td]
[td][[File:2101_Blood_Flow_Through_the_Heart.jpg|thumb|350x350px|Blood flow in the pulmonary and systemic circulations showing capillary networks in the torso sections]][/td] [td]The [[circulatory system]] is a [[Organ system|system of organs]] that includes the [[heart]], [[Blood vessel|blood vessels]], and [[blood]] which is circulated throughout the body.<ref name="Hall">{{cite book |last=Hall |first=John E. |title=Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology |date=2011 |isbn=9781416045748 |edition=Twelfth |location=Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |page=4}}</ref><ref name="Saladin2">{{cite book |last=Saladin |first=Kenneth S. |title=Human anatomy |date=2011 |publisher=McGraw-Hill |isbn=9780071222075 |edition=3rd |location=New York |page=520}}</ref> It includes the [[cardiovascular system]], or vascular system, that consists of the heart and blood vessels. The circulatory system has two divisions, a systemic circuit and a [[Pulmonary circulation|pulmonary circuit]].<ref name="Saladin3">{{cite book |last1=Saladin |first1=Kenneth S. |title=Human anatomy |date=2011 |publisher=McGraw-Hill |isbn=9780071222075 |edition=3rd |location=New York |page=540}}</ref> Some sources use the terms ''cardiovascular system'' and ''vascular system'' interchangeably with ''circulatory system''.<ref name="ncbibooks">{{cite book |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279250/ |title=How does the blood circulatory system work? β InformedHealth.org β NCBI Bookshelf |date=31 January 2019 |publisher=Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220129064012/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279250/ |archive-date=29 January 2022 |url-status=live |accessdate=}}</ref> The network of blood vessels include the [[great vessels]] of the heart, large [[elastic arteries]] and large [[Vein|veins]], other arteries, smaller [[Arteriole|arterioles]], [[capillaries]] that join with [[Venule|venules]], and other veins. Blood is a [[Body fluid|fluid]] consisting of [[Blood plasma|plasma]], [[Red blood cell|red blood cells]], [[White blood cell|white blood cells]], and [[platelets]]. Components of the blood include nutrients (such as [[Protein (nutrient)|proteins]] and [[Mineral (nutrient)|minerals]]), [[hemoglobin]], [[Hormone|hormones]], and [[Gas|gases]] such as oxygen and [[carbon dioxide]]. These substances provide nourishment, help the [[immune system]] to fight [[diseases]], and help maintain [[homeostasis]] through mechanisms such as [[thermoregulation]], [[osmoregulation]], and [[Acidβbase homeostasis|acid-base regulation]].[/td]
[td]The [[circulatory system]] is a [[Organ system|system of organs]] that includes the [[heart]], [[Blood vessel|blood vessels]], and [[blood]] which is circulated throughout the body.<ref name="Hall">{{cite book |last=Hall |first=John E. |title=Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology |date=2011 |isbn=9781416045748 |edition=Twelfth |location=Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |page=4}}</ref><ref name="Saladin2">{{cite book |last=Saladin |first=Kenneth S. |title=Human anatomy |date=2011 |publisher=McGraw-Hill |isbn=9780071222075 |edition=3rd |location=New York |page=520}}</ref> It includes the [[cardiovascular system]], or vascular system, that consists of the heart and blood vessels. Some sources use the terms ''cardiovascular system'' and ''vascular system'' interchangeably with ''circulatory system''.<ref name="ncbibooks">{{cite book |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279250/ |title=How does the blood circulatory system work? β InformedHealth.org β NCBI Bookshelf |date=31 January 2019 |publisher=Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220129064012/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279250/ |archive-date=29 January 2022 |url-status=live |accessdate=}}</ref> The network of blood vessels include the [[great vessels]] of the heart, large [[elastic arteries]] and large [[Vein|veins]], other arteries, smaller [[Arteriole|arterioles]], [[capillaries]] that join with [[Venule|venules]], and other veins. Blood is a [[Body fluid|fluid]] consisting of [[Blood plasma|plasma]], [[Red blood cell|red blood cells]], [[White blood cell|white blood cells]], and [[platelets]]. Components of the blood include nutrients (such as [[Protein (nutrient)|proteins]] and [[Mineral (nutrient)|minerals]]), [[hemoglobin]], [[Hormone|hormones]], and [[Gas|gases]] such as oxygen and [[carbon dioxide]]. These substances provide nourishment, help the [[immune system]] to fight [[diseases]], and help maintain [[homeostasis]] through mechanisms such as [[thermoregulation]], [[osmoregulation]], and [[Acidβbase homeostasis|acid-base regulation]].[/td] [td][/td]
[td][/td] [td]The circulatory system has two divisions, a systemic circuit (i.e. the left heart pumping oxygenated blood returned from the lungs to the rest of the body) and a [[Pulmonary circulation|pulmonary circuit]] (i.e. the right heart pumping deoxygenated blood to the lungs).<ref name="Saladin3">{{cite book |last1=Saladin |first1=Kenneth S. |title=Human anatomy |date=2011 |publisher=McGraw-Hill |isbn=9780071222075 |edition=3rd |location=New York |page=540}}</ref> In the [[Heart|human heart]] there is one [[Atrium (heart)|atrium]] and one [[Ventricle (heart)|ventricle]] for each circulation, with a total of four chambers: [[left atrium]], [[left ventricle]], [[right atrium]] and [[right ventricle]]. Further circulatory routes include the [[coronary circulation]] to the heart itself, the [[cerebral circulation]] to the [[brain]], [[renal circulation]] to the [[Kidney|kidneys]], and [[bronchial circulation]] to the [[bronchi]] in the lungs.[/td] [td][/td] [td]=== Lymphatic and immune ===[/td] [td]The [[lymphatic system]] is complementary to the circulatory system. The lymphatic system carries excess plasma ([[Capillary filtration|filtered]] from the circulatory system [[capillaries]] as [[interstitial fluid]] between cells) away from the body tissues via accessory routes that return excess fluid back to blood circulation as [[lymph]].<ref name="Sherwood, Lauralee 2011 401">{{cite book |author=Sherwood, Lauralee |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I9qH3eZ1pP0C&pg=PT401 |title=Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems |publisher=Cengage Learning |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-133-10893-1 |pages=401β |access-date=2015-06-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729124855/https://books.google.com/books?id=I9qH3eZ1pP0C&pg=PT401 |archive-date=2020-07-29 |url-status=live}}</ref> The circulatory system can be affected by many [[Cardiovascular disease|cardiovascular diseases]]. [[Cardiologist|Cardiologists]] are medical professionals which specialise in the heart, and [[Cardiothoracic surgeon|cardiothoracic surgeons]] specialise in operating on the heart and its surrounding areas. [[Vascular surgeon|Vascular surgeons]] focus on disorders of the blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels.[/td]
[td]The [[lymphatic system]] is complementary to the circulatory system. The lymphatic system carries excess plasma ([[Capillary filtration|filtered]] from the circulatory system [[capillaries]] as [[interstitial fluid]] between cells) away from the body tissues via accessory routes that return excess fluid back to blood circulation as [[lymph]].<ref name="Sherwood, Lauralee 2011 401">{{cite book |author=Sherwood, Lauralee |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I9qH3eZ1pP0C&pg=PT401 |title=Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems |publisher=Cengage Learning |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-133-10893-1 |pages=401β |access-date=2015-06-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729124855/https://books.google.com/books?id=I9qH3eZ1pP0C&pg=PT401 |archive-date=2020-07-29 |url-status=live}}</ref> The circulatory system can be affected by many [[Cardiovascular disease|cardiovascular diseases]]. [[Cardiologist|Cardiologists]] are medical professionals which specialise in the heart, and [[Cardiothoracic surgeon|cardiothoracic surgeons]] specialise in operating on the heart and its surrounding areas. [[Vascular surgeon|Vascular surgeons]] focus on disorders of the blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels.[/td] [td][/td]
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[td]=== Cardiovascular ===[/td]Revision as of 16:40, 31 August 2025
[/td][td]=== Cardiovascular ===[/td] [td][[File:2101_Blood_Flow_Through_the_Heart.jpg|thumb|350x350px|Blood flow in the pulmonary and systemic circulations showing capillary networks in the torso sections]][/td]
[td][[File:2101_Blood_Flow_Through_the_Heart.jpg|thumb|350x350px|Blood flow in the pulmonary and systemic circulations showing capillary networks in the torso sections]][/td] [td]The [[circulatory system]] is a [[Organ system|system of organs]] that includes the [[heart]], [[Blood vessel|blood vessels]], and [[blood]] which is circulated throughout the body.<ref name="Hall">{{cite book |last=Hall |first=John E. |title=Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology |date=2011 |isbn=9781416045748 |edition=Twelfth |location=Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |page=4}}</ref><ref name="Saladin2">{{cite book |last=Saladin |first=Kenneth S. |title=Human anatomy |date=2011 |publisher=McGraw-Hill |isbn=9780071222075 |edition=3rd |location=New York |page=520}}</ref> It includes the [[cardiovascular system]], or vascular system, that consists of the heart and blood vessels. The circulatory system has two divisions, a systemic circuit and a [[Pulmonary circulation|pulmonary circuit]].<ref name="Saladin3">{{cite book |last1=Saladin |first1=Kenneth S. |title=Human anatomy |date=2011 |publisher=McGraw-Hill |isbn=9780071222075 |edition=3rd |location=New York |page=540}}</ref> Some sources use the terms ''cardiovascular system'' and ''vascular system'' interchangeably with ''circulatory system''.<ref name="ncbibooks">{{cite book |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279250/ |title=How does the blood circulatory system work? β InformedHealth.org β NCBI Bookshelf |date=31 January 2019 |publisher=Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220129064012/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279250/ |archive-date=29 January 2022 |url-status=live |accessdate=}}</ref> The network of blood vessels include the [[great vessels]] of the heart, large [[elastic arteries]] and large [[Vein|veins]], other arteries, smaller [[Arteriole|arterioles]], [[capillaries]] that join with [[Venule|venules]], and other veins. Blood is a [[Body fluid|fluid]] consisting of [[Blood plasma|plasma]], [[Red blood cell|red blood cells]], [[White blood cell|white blood cells]], and [[platelets]]. Components of the blood include nutrients (such as [[Protein (nutrient)|proteins]] and [[Mineral (nutrient)|minerals]]), [[hemoglobin]], [[Hormone|hormones]], and [[Gas|gases]] such as oxygen and [[carbon dioxide]]. These substances provide nourishment, help the [[immune system]] to fight [[diseases]], and help maintain [[homeostasis]] through mechanisms such as [[thermoregulation]], [[osmoregulation]], and [[Acidβbase homeostasis|acid-base regulation]].[/td]
[td]The [[circulatory system]] is a [[Organ system|system of organs]] that includes the [[heart]], [[Blood vessel|blood vessels]], and [[blood]] which is circulated throughout the body.<ref name="Hall">{{cite book |last=Hall |first=John E. |title=Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology |date=2011 |isbn=9781416045748 |edition=Twelfth |location=Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |page=4}}</ref><ref name="Saladin2">{{cite book |last=Saladin |first=Kenneth S. |title=Human anatomy |date=2011 |publisher=McGraw-Hill |isbn=9780071222075 |edition=3rd |location=New York |page=520}}</ref> It includes the [[cardiovascular system]], or vascular system, that consists of the heart and blood vessels. Some sources use the terms ''cardiovascular system'' and ''vascular system'' interchangeably with ''circulatory system''.<ref name="ncbibooks">{{cite book |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279250/ |title=How does the blood circulatory system work? β InformedHealth.org β NCBI Bookshelf |date=31 January 2019 |publisher=Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220129064012/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279250/ |archive-date=29 January 2022 |url-status=live |accessdate=}}</ref> The network of blood vessels include the [[great vessels]] of the heart, large [[elastic arteries]] and large [[Vein|veins]], other arteries, smaller [[Arteriole|arterioles]], [[capillaries]] that join with [[Venule|venules]], and other veins. Blood is a [[Body fluid|fluid]] consisting of [[Blood plasma|plasma]], [[Red blood cell|red blood cells]], [[White blood cell|white blood cells]], and [[platelets]]. Components of the blood include nutrients (such as [[Protein (nutrient)|proteins]] and [[Mineral (nutrient)|minerals]]), [[hemoglobin]], [[Hormone|hormones]], and [[Gas|gases]] such as oxygen and [[carbon dioxide]]. These substances provide nourishment, help the [[immune system]] to fight [[diseases]], and help maintain [[homeostasis]] through mechanisms such as [[thermoregulation]], [[osmoregulation]], and [[Acidβbase homeostasis|acid-base regulation]].[/td] [td][/td]
[td][/td] [td]The circulatory system has two divisions, a systemic circuit (i.e. the left heart pumping oxygenated blood returned from the lungs to the rest of the body) and a [[Pulmonary circulation|pulmonary circuit]] (i.e. the right heart pumping deoxygenated blood to the lungs).<ref name="Saladin3">{{cite book |last1=Saladin |first1=Kenneth S. |title=Human anatomy |date=2011 |publisher=McGraw-Hill |isbn=9780071222075 |edition=3rd |location=New York |page=540}}</ref> In the [[Heart|human heart]] there is one [[Atrium (heart)|atrium]] and one [[Ventricle (heart)|ventricle]] for each circulation, with a total of four chambers: [[left atrium]], [[left ventricle]], [[right atrium]] and [[right ventricle]]. Further circulatory routes include the [[coronary circulation]] to the heart itself, the [[cerebral circulation]] to the [[brain]], [[renal circulation]] to the [[Kidney|kidneys]], and [[bronchial circulation]] to the [[bronchi]] in the lungs.[/td] [td][/td] [td]=== Lymphatic and immune ===[/td] [td]The [[lymphatic system]] is complementary to the circulatory system. The lymphatic system carries excess plasma ([[Capillary filtration|filtered]] from the circulatory system [[capillaries]] as [[interstitial fluid]] between cells) away from the body tissues via accessory routes that return excess fluid back to blood circulation as [[lymph]].<ref name="Sherwood, Lauralee 2011 401">{{cite book |author=Sherwood, Lauralee |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I9qH3eZ1pP0C&pg=PT401 |title=Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems |publisher=Cengage Learning |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-133-10893-1 |pages=401β |access-date=2015-06-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729124855/https://books.google.com/books?id=I9qH3eZ1pP0C&pg=PT401 |archive-date=2020-07-29 |url-status=live}}</ref> The circulatory system can be affected by many [[Cardiovascular disease|cardiovascular diseases]]. [[Cardiologist|Cardiologists]] are medical professionals which specialise in the heart, and [[Cardiothoracic surgeon|cardiothoracic surgeons]] specialise in operating on the heart and its surrounding areas. [[Vascular surgeon|Vascular surgeons]] focus on disorders of the blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels.[/td]
[td]The [[lymphatic system]] is complementary to the circulatory system. The lymphatic system carries excess plasma ([[Capillary filtration|filtered]] from the circulatory system [[capillaries]] as [[interstitial fluid]] between cells) away from the body tissues via accessory routes that return excess fluid back to blood circulation as [[lymph]].<ref name="Sherwood, Lauralee 2011 401">{{cite book |author=Sherwood, Lauralee |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I9qH3eZ1pP0C&pg=PT401 |title=Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems |publisher=Cengage Learning |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-133-10893-1 |pages=401β |access-date=2015-06-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729124855/https://books.google.com/books?id=I9qH3eZ1pP0C&pg=PT401 |archive-date=2020-07-29 |url-status=live}}</ref> The circulatory system can be affected by many [[Cardiovascular disease|cardiovascular diseases]]. [[Cardiologist|Cardiologists]] are medical professionals which specialise in the heart, and [[Cardiothoracic surgeon|cardiothoracic surgeons]] specialise in operating on the heart and its surrounding areas. [[Vascular surgeon|Vascular surgeons]] focus on disorders of the blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels.[/td] [td][/td]
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