Studies offer new insights into production and structure of heavy hollow atoms

Hollow atoms are peculiar atoms with aggregate missing electrons successful their interior shells, portion their outer shells are inactive afloat oregon partially filled with electrons. Studying the accumulation mechanisms, interior structure, and de-excitation properties of these excited-state atoms provides insights into quantum electrodynamics and quantum many-body interactions, with applications successful fields specified arsenic inner-shell ionization X-ray lasers, high-energy density physics, and molecular imaging.