Shandong

== Transport ==

== Transport ==

===Trains===

===Trains===

[[File:Feldbahn-Dampflokomotive mit Ausfuhrgut Kiautschou. G.E.6. China. Im chinesischen Kiautschou sollte eine deutsche 'Musterkolonie' entstehen.jpg|thumb|German engineers in front of the old [[Qingdao–Jinan railway]]]]

[[File:Qingdao Harbour 51102-Qingdao (49055119143).jpg|thumb|[[Qingdao railway station|Qingdao railway station]]]]

The [[Jingjiu railway]] ([[Beijing]]-[[Kowloon]]) and [[Jinghu railway]] ([[Beijing]]-[[Shanghai]]) are both major arterial railways that pass through the western part of Shandong. The Jingjiu passes through [[Liaocheng]] and [[Heze]]; the Jinghu passes through [[Dezhou]], [[Jinan]], [[Tai'an]], [[Yanzhou]] (the Jinghu high-speed railway will through [[Qufu]]) and [[Zaozhuang]]. The [[Jiaoji railway]] is an important railway of Shandong, linking its two largest cities of [[Qingdao]] and [[Jinan]], with the longest history of all.

The [[Jingjiu railway]] ([[Beijing]]-[[Kowloon]]) and [[Jinghu railway]] ([[Beijing]]-[[Shanghai]]) are both major arterial railways that pass through the western part of Shandong. The Jingjiu passes through [[Liaocheng]] and [[Heze]]; the Jinghu passes through [[Dezhou]], [[Jinan]], [[Tai'an]], [[Yanzhou]] (the Jinghu high-speed railway will through [[Qufu]]) and [[Zaozhuang]]. The [[Jiaoji railway]] is an important railway of Shandong, linking its two largest cities of [[Qingdao]] and [[Jinan]], with the longest history of all.

[[Jinanxi Railway Station|Jinan West Railway Station]] is the largest railway hub in Shandong Province, serving as the intersection point of the Jinan hub (comprising the [[Beijing–Shanghai railway]], [[Jiaoji railway]], and [[Handan–Jinan railway]] lines). Other major railway hubs include: the [[Qingdao railway station]] (connecting the Jiaoji, Jiaoxin, Jiaohuang, and Lanyan railways), the Dezhou hub (connecting the Beijing–Shanghai and Shide railways, under the administration of the [[Beijing Railway Bureau]]), the Yanzhou hub (Beijing–Shanghai, Xinyan, and Yanshi railways), and the Heze hub (Beijing–Kowloon and Xinyan railways).

As of the end of 2018, [[Qingdao Metro|Qingdao]] is the only city in Shandong with a metro system, with four lines in operation. [[Jinan Metro|Jinan]] was opened in early 2019.

According to the classification of the [[Ministry of Railways of the People's Republic of China]], Shandong currently has four top-tier (special-class) railway stations:

* [[Jinan Railway Station]] (passenger and freight)

* [[Jinanxi Railway Station]] (one of the nation's top ten network-level freight marshalling yards)

* [[Jinan West Railway Station]] (passenger station on the [[Beijing–Shanghai High-Speed Railway]])

* [[Qingdao Railway Station]] (passenger station)

The [[Jinan East railway station|Jinan East Railway Station]] is the largest railway station in Shandong. The [[Jinan Railway Bureau]], following its 2008 reorganization, manages the majority of Shandong’s trunk and branch railway networks, as well as the [[Bohai Train Ferry]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Jinan Railway Bureau|url=http://www.tielu.cn/jinan/|website=Railway Network|accessdate=2016-11-28|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161129083824/http://www.tielu.cn/jinan/|archivedate=2016-11-29}}</ref>

As of the end of 2024, [[Qingdao Metro|Qingdao]] and [[Jinan Metro|Jinan]] the only two cities in Shandong with a metro system.

===Road===

===Road===