Kupala Night

| longtype =

| longtype =

| significance = celebration relates to the summer solstice

| significance = celebration relates to the summer solstice

| date = * July 6–7 or June 23–24 (Poles and Ukrainians after calendar has been changed)

| date = * 21–22 June or 23–24 June (Poles and Ukrainians)

* July 6–7 (Belarusians and Russians)

* 6–7 July (Belarusians and Russians)

| celebrations =

| celebrations =

| relatedto = [[Summer Solstice]], [[Saint John's Eve]], [[Nativity of St. John the Baptist]]

| relatedto = [[Summer Solstice]], [[Saint John's Eve]], [[Nativity of St. John the Baptist]]

| frequency = Annual

| frequency = Annual

}}

}}

'''Kupala Night''' (also '''Kupala's Night''' or just '''Kupala'''; [[Polish language|Polish]]: {{tooltip|''Noc Kupały''|}}, {{langx|be|Купа́лле}}: {{tooltip|''Kupalle''|}}, [[Russian language|Russian]]: Ива́н Купа́ла: {{tooltip|''Ivan Kupala''|}}, Купала: {{tooltip|''Kupala''|}}, [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]]: Іван Купало: {{tooltip|''Ivan Kupalo''|}}) is one of the major folk holidays{{sfn|Vinogradova|Tolstaya|1999|p=363}} in some of the [[Slavs|Slavic countries]]{{sfn|Holobuts’ky|Karadobri|2009|p=499}} that coincides with the Christian feast of the [[Nativity of John the Baptist|Nativity of St. John the Baptist]]{{sfn|Vinogradova|Tolstaya|1999|p=363}} and the East Slavic feast of [[Saint John's Eve]]. In folk tradition, it was revered as the day of the summer solstice{{sfn|Vinogradova|Tolstaya|1999|p=363}}{{sfn|Holobuts’ky|Karadobri|2009|p=499}} and was originally celebrated on the shortest night of the year, which is on 21-22<ref>Aleksander Gieysztor: Mitologia Słowian. Warszawa: Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, 2006. ISBN 978-83-235-0234-0, s. 244</ref><ref>Native Polish Church https://rkp.org.pl/swieta</ref> or 23-24{{sfn|Holobuts’ky|Karadobri|2009|p=499}} of June in [[Poland]], [[Slovakia]], [[Bulgaria]] (where it is called [[Enyovden]]), and modern [[Ukraine]] (since 2023).<ref>https://apostrophe.ua/ua/news/society/2023-06-08/novyiy-kalendar-ptsu-kogda-v-2023-godu-budem-otmechat-ivana-kupala-i-drugie-letnie-prazdniki/298591. Новий календар ПЦУ: коли в 2023 році відзначатимем Івана Купала та інші "літні" свята</ref> Following the [[Julian calendar#Eastern Orthodox usage|Julian calendar]], it is celebrated on the night between 6 and 7 July in [[Belarus]], [[Russia]], and parts of [[Ukraine]]. The name of the holiday is ultimately derived from the Proto-Slavic word [[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kǫpati|*''kǫpati'']], meaning "to bathe".

'''Kupala Night''' (also '''Kupala's Night''' or just '''Kupala'''; [[Polish language|Polish]]: {{tooltip|''Noc Kupały''|}}, {{langx|be|Купа́лле}}: {{tooltip|''Kupalle''|}}, [[Russian language|Russian]]: Ива́н Купа́ла: {{tooltip|''Ivan Kupala''|}}, Купала: {{tooltip|''Kupala''|}}, [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]]: Іван Купало: {{tooltip|''Ivan Kupalo''|}}) is one of the major folk holidays{{sfn|Vinogradova|Tolstaya|1999|p=363}} in some of the [[Slavs|Slavic countries]]{{sfn|Holobuts’ky|Karadobri|2009|p=499}} that coincides with the Christian feast of the [[Nativity of John the Baptist|Nativity of St. John the Baptist]]{{sfn|Vinogradova|Tolstaya|1999|p=363}} and the East Slavic feast of [[Saint John's Eve]]. In folk tradition, it was revered as the day of the summer solstice{{sfn|Vinogradova|Tolstaya|1999|p=363}}{{sfn|Holobuts’ky|Karadobri|2009|p=499}} and was originally celebrated on the shortest night of the year, which is on 21-22<ref>Aleksander Gieysztor: Mitologia Słowian. Warszawa: Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, 2006. ISBN 978-83-235-0234-0, s. 244</ref><ref>Native Polish Church https://rkp.org.pl/swieta</ref> or 23-24{{sfn|Holobuts’ky|Karadobri|2009|p=499}} of June in [[Czech Republic|Czechia]], [[Poland]], [[Slovakia]], [[Bulgaria]] (where it is called [[Enyovden]]), and modern [[Ukraine]] (since 2023).<ref>https://apostrophe.ua/ua/news/society/2023-06-08/novyiy-kalendar-ptsu-kogda-v-2023-godu-budem-otmechat-ivana-kupala-i-drugie-letnie-prazdniki/298591. Новий календар ПЦУ: коли в 2023 році відзначатимем Івана Купала та інші "літні" свята</ref> Following the [[Julian calendar#Eastern Orthodox usage|Julian calendar]], it is celebrated on the night between 6 and 7 July in [[Belarus]], [[Russia]], and parts of [[Ukraine]]. The name of the holiday is ultimately derived from the Proto-Slavic word [[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kǫpati|*''kǫpati'']], meaning "to bathe".

A number of activities and rituals are associated with Kupala Night, such as gathering herbs and flowers and decorating people, animals, and houses with them; entering water, bathing, or dousing with water and sending garlands on water; lighting fires, dancing, singing, and jumping over fire; and [[hunting witches]] and scaring them away. It was also believed that on this day the sun plays and other wonders of nature happen.{{sfn|Vinogradova|Tolstaya|1999|p=363}} The celebrations are held near the water, on the hills, surrounding that{{clarify|date=January 2024}}; chiefly, young men and women participate in these folkloric traditions.{{sfn|Holobuts’ky|Karadobri|2009|p=499}} The rituals and symbolism of the holiday may point to its pre-Christian origins.

A number of activities and rituals are associated with Kupala Night, such as gathering herbs and flowers and decorating people, animals, and houses with them; entering water, bathing, or dousing with water and sending garlands on water; lighting fires, dancing, singing, and jumping over fire; and [[hunting witches]] and scaring them away. It was also believed that on this day the sun plays and other wonders of nature happen.{{sfn|Vinogradova|Tolstaya|1999|p=363}} The celebrations are held near the water, on the hills, surrounding that{{clarify|date=January 2024}}; chiefly, young men and women participate in these folkloric traditions.{{sfn|Holobuts’ky|Karadobri|2009|p=499}} The rituals and symbolism of the holiday may point to its pre-Christian origins.