Chitarra italiana

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{{Infobox Instrument

{{Infobox Instrument

|name=Chitarra Italiana

|name=Chitarra italiana

|names=

|names=

|image= Chitarra-italiana.jpg

|image= Chitarra-italiana.jpg

|range=

|range=

|related=

|related=

*[[Angélique (instrument)]]

*[[Angélique (instrument)|Angélique]]

*[[Archlute]]

*[[Archlute]]

*[[Barbat (lute)]]

*[[Barbat (lute)]]

*[[Bağlama]]

*[[Bağlama]]

*[[Baglamas]]

*[[Baglamas]]

*Chitarra Italiana

*[[Chitarrone]]

*[[Chitarrone]]

*[[Dombra]]

*[[Dombra]]

}}

}}

'''Chitarra Italiana''' ({{IPA|it|kiˈtarra itaˈljaːna|lang}}; 'Italian guitar') is a [[lute]]-shaped plucked instrument with four or five single (sometimes double) strings, in a tuning similar to that of the [[guitar]]. It was common in Italy during the [[Renaissance music|Renaissance era]].

The '''chitarra italiana''' ({{IPA|it|kiˈtarra itaˈljaːna|lang}}; 'Italian guitar') is a [[lute]]-shaped plucked instrument with four or five single (sometimes double) strings, in a tuning similar to that of the [[guitar]]. It was common in Italy during the [[Renaissance music|Renaissance era]].

According to Renato Meucci, the designation of 'Italiana' followed the introduction to Italy of the flat-backed development of the instrument – referred to as ''chitarra alla spagnola '' (literally 'Spanish guitar'); to distinguish between the two versions. It is believed to have descended from [[pandura]]s, the Mediterranean lutes of Antiquity, and to be related to North African [[Kwitra|quitra]] (or kwitra).

According to Renato Meucci, the designation 'italiana' followed the introduction to Italy of the flat-backed development of the instrument – referred to in this context as ''chitarra alla spagnola'' (literally 'Spanish guitar') – to distinguish between the two versions. It is believed to have descended from [[pandura]]s, the Mediterranean lutes of antiquity, and to be related to the North African [[kwitra]].

Its bass variety was known as [[chitarrone]]. Musicologist Laurence Wright talked about the chitarrone in a letter to the ''Early Music'' journal (October 1976), saying it implied "large guitar", that it had a rounded back and was likely to be taken for a smaller lute, and that it was found from the 13th century to the 18th century, but was much rarer in the later centuries.<ref name=wright>{{cite journal |last=Wright |first=Laurence |date= 1976|title=Theorbo, Archlute and Chitarrone |jstor= 3126184 |journal=Early Music |volume=4 |issue=4 |page=497 |doi= 10.1093/earlyj/4.4.497-d}}</ref> He also said that in latter years, when the [[mandola]] was popular, the chitarrone was "sometimes confused with the mandola".<ref name=wright/>

Its bass variety was known as [[chitarrone]]. Musicologist Laurence Wright talked about the chitarrone in a letter to the ''Early Music'' journal (October 1976), saying it implied "large guitar", that it had a rounded back and was likely to be taken for a smaller lute, and that it was found from the 13th century to the 18th century, but was much rarer in the later centuries.<ref name=wright>{{cite journal |last=Wright |first=Laurence |date= 1976|title=Theorbo, Archlute and Chitarrone |jstor= 3126184 |journal=Early Music |volume=4 |issue=4 |page=497 |doi= 10.1093/earlyj/4.4.497-d}}</ref> He also said that in later years, when the [[mandola]] was popular, the chitarrone was "sometimes confused with the mandola".<ref name=wright/>

==See also==

==See also==

* [[Mandore (instrument)|Mandore]]

* [[Mandore (instrument)|Mandore]]

* [[Gittern]] considered ancestral to Spanish guitar and possibly closely related to mandore.

* [[Gittern]] considered ancestral to Spanish guitar and possibly closely related to mandore.

* [[Kwitra]]: Also spelled 'kouitra', 'kaitara', and 'quitra'. This is a North African 4 course lute, similar to the [[oud]], and possibly related to the chitarra Italiana. (See articles [[Andalusian classical music]] - subsection 'Influence of Andalusian music' and [[Gittern]] - subsection 'Etymology')

* [[Kwitra]]: Also spelled 'kouitra', 'kaitara', and 'quitra'. This is a North African 4-course lute, similar to the [[oud]], and possibly related to the chitarra Italiana. (See articles [[Andalusian classical music]] - subsection 'Influence of Andalusian music' and [[Gittern]] - subsection 'Etymology')

== References ==

== References ==