Burton upon Trent

The Paget family's lands and title were restored to them by [[James VI and I|James I]] in 1604 and they owned considerable estates around Burton for over 150 years.<ref name=Paget>{{cite web|title=Paget, William (1572–1628) 4th Baron Paget|url=http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/nra/searches/subjectView.asp?ID=P21970|publisher=The National Archives|access-date=31 March 2012}}</ref> In 1699, [[William Paget, 6th Baron Paget|William Lord Paget]] obtained an [[Act of Parliament#United Kingdom Parliament|Act of Parliament]] to extend navigation on the [[River Trent]] from [[Nottingham]] up to Burton, but nothing was immediately done. In 1711 Lord Paget leased his rights to [[George Hayne]], who in 1712 opened the River Trent Navigation and constructed a wharf and other buildings in the precinct of the old abbey.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/staffs/vol9/pp5-20|title=Burton-upon-Trent: General history &#124; British History Online|website=www.british-history.ac.uk}}</ref> This led to the development of Burton as the major town for [[brewing]] and exporting [[beer]], as it allowed Burton beer to be shipped to [[Kingston upon Hull|Hull]], and on to the [[Baltic Sea]] and [[Prussia]], as well as to [[London]], where it was being sold in 1712. A number of breweries opened in the second half of the 18th century. The [[Napoleonic blockade]] badly affected overseas trade, leading to some consolidation and a redirection of the trade to London and [[Lancashire]] via canals. When Burton brewers succeeded in replicating the [[pale ale]] produced in London, the advantage of the water's qualities, in a process named [[Burtonisation]] allowed the development of the trade of Burton [[India Pale Ale]] (an ale specially brewed to keep during the long sea voyage to [[British India|India]]). New rail links to [[Liverpool]] enabled brewers to export their beer throughout the [[British Empire]].

The Paget family's lands and title were restored to them by [[James VI and I|James I]] in 1604 and they owned considerable estates around Burton for over 150 years.<ref name=Paget>{{cite web|title=Paget, William (1572–1628) 4th Baron Paget|url=http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/nra/searches/subjectView.asp?ID=P21970|publisher=The National Archives|access-date=31 March 2012}}</ref> In 1699, [[William Paget, 6th Baron Paget|William Lord Paget]] obtained an [[Act of Parliament#United Kingdom Parliament|Act of Parliament]] to extend navigation on the [[River Trent]] from [[Nottingham]] up to Burton, but nothing was immediately done. In 1711 Lord Paget leased his rights to [[George Hayne]], who in 1712 opened the River Trent Navigation and constructed a wharf and other buildings in the precinct of the old abbey.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/staffs/vol9/pp5-20|title=Burton-upon-Trent: General history &#124; British History Online|website=www.british-history.ac.uk}}</ref> This led to the development of Burton as the major town for [[brewing]] and exporting [[beer]], as it allowed Burton beer to be shipped to [[Kingston upon Hull|Hull]], and on to the [[Baltic Sea]] and [[Prussia]], as well as to [[London]], where it was being sold in 1712. A number of breweries opened in the second half of the 18th century. The [[Napoleonic blockade]] badly affected overseas trade, leading to some consolidation and a redirection of the trade to London and [[Lancashire]] via canals. When Burton brewers succeeded in replicating the [[pale ale]] produced in London, the advantage of the water's qualities, in a process named [[Burtonisation]] allowed the development of the trade of Burton [[India Pale Ale]] (an ale specially brewed to keep during the long sea voyage to [[British India|India]]). New rail links to [[Liverpool]] enabled brewers to export their beer throughout the [[British Empire]].

Burton came to dominate the brewing trade<ref>{{Cite book |last=Protz |first=Roger |title=The Story of Brewing in Burton on Trent |isbn=9780752460635 |publication-date=2011}}</ref>, and at its height one quarter of all beer sold in Britain was produced here. In the second half of the 19th century there was a growth in native breweries, supplemented by outside brewing companies moving into the town, so that over 30 breweries were recorded in 1880.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/staffs/vol9/pp53-84|title=Burton-upon-Trent: Economic history &#124; British History Online|website=www.british-history.ac.uk}}</ref> However at the beginning of the 20th century there was a slump in beer sales, causing many breweries to fail; the industry suffered from the [[Liberal government, 1905–1915|Liberal government]]'s anti-drinking attitudes. This time no new markets were found and so the number of breweries shrank by closure and consolidation from 20 in 1900 to 8 in 1928. After further mergers and buy-outs, just three main breweries remained by 1980: [[Bass Brewery|Bass]], [[Allied Breweries|Ind Coope]] and [[Marston's]].

Burton came to dominate the brewing trade<ref>{{Cite book |last=Protz |first=Roger |title=The Story of Brewing in Burton on Trent |isbn=9780752460635 |publication-date=2011}}</ref>, and at its height one quarter of all beer sold in Britain was produced here. In the second half of the 19th century, there was a growth in native breweries, supplemented by outside brewing companies moving into the town, so that over 30 breweries were recorded in 1880.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/staffs/vol9/pp53-84|title=Burton-upon-Trent: Economic history &#124; British History Online|website=www.british-history.ac.uk}}</ref> However at the beginning of the 20th century there was a slump in beer sales, causing many breweries to fail; the industry suffered from the [[Liberal government, 1905–1915|Liberal government]]'s anti-drinking attitudes. This time no new markets were found and so the number of breweries shrank by closure and consolidation from 20 in 1900 to 8 in 1928. After further mergers and buy-outs, just three main breweries remained by 1980: [[Bass Brewery|Bass]], [[Allied Breweries|Ind Coope]] and [[Marston's]].

Burton was home to the Peel family, who played a significant role in the [[Industrial Revolution]]. The family home is still visible in the town as Peel House on Lichfield Street. Her Majesty [[Queen Elizabeth II]] visited the town on 3 July 2002 during her [[Golden Jubilee of Elizabeth II|Golden Jubilee]] celebrations.

Burton was home to the Peel family, who played a significant role in the [[Industrial Revolution]]. The family home is still visible in the town as Peel House on Lichfield Street. Her Majesty [[Queen Elizabeth II]] visited the town on 3 July 2002 during her [[Golden Jubilee of Elizabeth II|Golden Jubilee]] celebrations.